Dear Matt,
I'm answering only your first question. A
five-petaled flower of lilac is considered by us, Russians, a lucky tocken
(normally, the flowers of which a lilac raceme consists have four
petals). The painting by Serov mentioned in LATH by Vadim doesn't
really exist and the girl herself seems a cross of several girls painted by
Serov, one of whom is certainly The Girl with Peaches. There was an article
by D. B. Johnson on VN and the art of painting (I don't remember its title)
where he discusses that painting and perhaps even explains "the
five-petaled lilac."
In literature, a character in K. Sluchevsky's long poem
Prizrak ("The Ghost") "looks for happiness" in a raceme of lilac. May be
there are other examples.
best,
Alexey