From Ada's letter to
Van: She [Marina] sticks to Stan's
principle of having lore and role overflow into everyday life, insists on
keeping it up at the hotel restaurant, drinks tea v prikusku ('biting
sugar between sips'), and feigns to misunderstand every question in Varvara's
quaint way of feigning stupidity - a double imbroglio, which annoys strangers
but which somehow makes me feel I'm her daughter much more distinctly than in
the Ardis era. (2.1)
Many
a Chekhov character drink tea v prikusku but only one of
them is a female. From Chekhov's Notebooks: Спальный вагон 1
класса. Пассажиры №№ 5, 6, 7 и 8. Говорят о невестках. В народе страдают от
свекровей, а в интеллигенции — от невесток. «Жена моего старшего сына
образованная, и в воскресных школах, и библиотечки, но бестактна, суха, жестока,
капризна и физически противна; за обедом вдруг истерика, деланная по поводу
какой-то газетной статьи. Ломака. Другая невестка: в обществе держится ничего,
но в домашней жизни это халда, курит, скупа и когда пьёт чай в
прикуску, то берёт сахар между губами и зубами — и при этом говорит».
(A passanger's daughter-in-law, as she drinks tea v
prikusku, takes sugar between lips and teeth and speaks in the
process.)
'"Ten years and one have gone by-abye since I
left Moscow"' - Ada, now playing Varvara, copied the nun's 'singsongy devotional
tone' (pevuchiy ton bogomolki, as indicated by Chekhov and as rendered
so irritatingly well by Marina). (2.9)
In a letter of February 2, 1900, to Ivan Leontiev-Shcheglov
Chekhov apologizes for his pevuchiy ton bogomolki
(singsongy devotional tone): Простите, что я заговорил
певучим тоном богомолки. In a letter of February 5, 1893, to
Suvorin (see my previous post) Chekhov says that in his play Proshla
groza (The Thunderstorm Passed) Merezhkovski
pereshchegolyal (has surpassed) in hypocrisy Jean Shcheglov (the
author of Okolo istiny, "Near Truth", the play in which
Chertkov's publishing house Posrednik is ridiculed). Btw,
Shcheglov comes from shchegol (goldfinch), the song-bird sung
by Mandelshtam.
In Chekhov's play The Cherry Orchard (1904), Mme
Ranevski's adopted daughter Varya (diminutive of Varvara) looks like a
nun (monashka):
Любовь Андреевна. А Варя
по-прежнему всё такая же, на монашку похожа.
LYUBOV' ANDREEVNA. And Varya is just as she used to be, just
like a nun. (Act One)
Varvara, the late General Prozorov's
eldest daughter, comes in Act One from her remote nunnery, Tsitsikar Convent, to
Perm (also called Permwail*), in the backwoods of Akimsk Bay, North Canady,
to have tea with Olga, Marsha, and Irina on the latter's name day.
(2.9)
Varvara of The Four Sisters is (or pretends to
be) deaf. In The Cherry Orchard the old footman Firs ("Fierce") is
deaf.
In a letter of March 1, 1892, to Suvorin Chekhov compares
Merezhkovski (who goes with his wife to Nice where he will speak
about literature at the bed of the old poet Pleshcheev) to Onegin (who
prepares to amuse his half-alive uncle): Но боже, какая
скука ехать в Ниццу затем, чтобы у одра Алексея Николаевича непрерывно
говорить о литературе! Положение хуже онегинского. Восторженный и чистый душою
Мережковский хорошо бы сделал, если бы свой quasi-гётевский режим, супругу и
«истину» променял на бутылку доброго вина, охотничье ружьё и хорошенькую
женщину. Сердце билось бы лучше. In Chekhov's opinion, Merezhkovski would do well if
he exchanged his pseudo-Goethean style of life, spouse and
istina ("truth") for a bottle of good wine, fowling-piece and
pretty woman.
Chekhov seems to have known that Merezhkovski's wife (the poet
Zinaida Hippius) had an affair with "Phylloxera" (the critic Akim
Volynski).
A cousin of VN's teacher of Russian literature at the Tenishev
school, Zinaida Hippius at a session of the Literary Fund asked VN's father, its
president, to tell VN that he would never, never be a writer (Speak,
Memory, p. 184). Zinaida Hippius's penname as a critic was Anton
Krainiy. In The Gift (Chapter Five) Christopher Mortus writes in his
review of Fyodor's The Life of Chernyshevski: "I have digressed from
the immediate theme of my article. But then, sometimes, one can express one's
opinion with much more exactitude and authenticity by wandering "around the
theme" - in its fertile environs..."
*A play on spermwhale (Physeter catodon).
Cf., 'Yes,' she [Ada] said, 'he [John
Starling] was quite a lovely lad and I sort of flirted with him, but
the strain and the split were too much for him - he had been, since pubescence,
the puerulus of a fat ballet master, Dangleleaf, and he finally
committed suicide. You see ("the blush now replaced by a matovaya
pallor") I'm not hiding one stain of what rhymes with Perm.' (2.9) The
editor of the Mir iskusstva magazine, S. P. Dyagilev
("Dangleleaf") was a correspondent of Chekhov. In a letter of December
30, 1902, from Yalta Chekhov asks Dyagilev to thank D. V. Filosofov (Dyagilev's
nephew, a close friend of Merezhkovski and his wife) for his review
of The Seagull in Mir iskusstva and mentions
istina (truth): Теперешняя культура — это
начало работы во имя великого будущего, работы, которая будет продолжаться, быть
может, еще десятки тысяч лет для того, чтобы хотя в далеком будущем человечество
познало истину настоящего бога — т. е. не угадывало бы, не
искало бы в Достоевском, а познало ясно, как познало, что дважды два есть
четыре. (Modern culture is only the first beginning
of work for a great future, work which will perhaps go on for tens of thousands
of years, in order that man may if only in the remote future come to know the
truth of the real God--that is not, I conjecture, by seeking in Dostoevski, but
by clear knowledge, as one knows twice two are four.)
In a letter of March 25, 1891, from Venice
to his family in Melikhovo (in the province of Moscow) Chekhov says that,
compared to Venice, the Crimea is a cattlefish and whale: Крым перед Венецией — это каракатица и кит.
Melville's Moby-Dick is a white sperm
whale.
Alexey Sklyarenko