In his Foreword to Shade’s poem Kinbote (in VN’s novel Pale Fire, 1962, Shade’s mad commentator who imagines that he is Charles the Beloved, the last self-exiled king of Zembla) mentions his publisher, good old Frank:
Imagine a soft, clumsy giant; imagine a historical personage whose knowledge of money is limited to the abstract billions of a national debt; imagine an exiled prince who is unaware of the Golconda in his cuff links! This is to say - oh, hyperbolically - that I am the most impractical fellow in the world. Between such a person and an old fox in the book publishing business, relations are at first touchingly carefree and chummy, with expansive banterings and all sorts of amiable tokens. I have no reason to suppose that anything will ever happen to prevent this initial relationship with good old Frank, my present publisher, from remaining a permanent fixture.
Frank has acknowledged the safe return of the galleys I had been sent here and has asked me to mention in my Preface - and this I willingly do - that I alone am responsible for any mistakes in my commentary. Insert before a professional. A professional proofreader has carefully rechecked the printed text of the poem against the phototype of the manuscript, and has found a few trivial misprints I had missed; that has been all in the way of outside assistance. Needless to say how much I had been looking forward to Sybil Shade's providing me with abundant biographical data; unfortunately she left New Wye even before I did, and is dwelling now with relatives in Quebec. We might have had, of course, a most fruitful correspondence, but the Shadeans were not to be shaken off. They headed for Canada in droves to pounce on the poor lady as soon as I had lost contact with her and her changeful moods. Instead of answering a month-old letter from my cave in Cedarn, listing some of my most desperate queries, such as the real name of "Jim Coates" etc., she suddenly shot me a wire, requesting me to accept Prof. H. (!) and Prof. C (!!) as coeditors of her husband's poem. How deeply this surprised and pained me! Naturally, it precluded collaboration with my friend's misguided widow.
Frank is the main character in VN’s story Venetsianka (“La Veneziana,” 1924), a young artist who brilliantly imitates a painting of Sebastiano del Piombo (an Italian Renaissance artist, c. 1485-1547). In VN’s novel Camera Obscura (1933) Robert Horn (a talented but unprincipled cartoonist who becomes Axel Rex in Laughter in the Dark, the novel’s English version) tells Bruno Kretschmar (an art expert who becomes Albinus in Laughter in the Dark) that he has read Kretschmar’s excellent article about Sebastiano del Piombo:
«Фрейлейн Петерс, – с мягкой улыбкой обратился к ней Кречмар, – я хочу вам представить создателя знаменитого зверька».
Магда судорожно обернулась и сказала: «Ах, здравствуйте!» (к чему эти ахи, ведь об этом не раз говорилось…) Горн поклонился, сел и спокойно обратился к Кречмару: «Я читал вашу превосходную статью о Себастиано дель Пиомбо. Вы напрасно только не привели его сонетов, – они прескверные, – но как раз это и пикантно». (Chapter XV)
“Fräulein Peters,” said Albinus in a soothing tone, “this is the man who makes two continents—”
Margot started and swerved round.
“Oh, really, how do you do?”
Rex bowed and, turning to Albinus, remarked quietly:
“I happened to read on the boat your excellent biography of Sebastiano del Piombo. Pity, though, you didn’t quote his sonnets.”
“Oh, but they are very poor,” answered Albinus.
“Exactly,” said Rex. “That’s what is so charming.” (Laughter in the Dark, Chapter 16)
In one of the next chapters of Camera Obscura VN mentions Horn’s foreign publishers who do not feel that Cheepy (a charming guinea pig created by Horn) is doomed:
Роберт Горн был в довольно странном положении. Талантливейший карикатурист, создатель модного зверька, он года два-три тому назад разбогател чрезвычайно, а ныне, исподволь и неуклонно, возвращался если не к нищете, то во всяком случае к заработкам очень посредственным. Таланта своего он отнюдь не утратил – более того, он рисовал тоньше и тверже, чем прежде, – но что-то неуловимое случилось в отношении к нему со стороны публики – в Америке и в Англии Чипи надоела, приелась, уступила место другой твари, созданию удачливого коллеги. Эти зверьки, куклы – сущие эфемеры. Кто помнит теперь черного, как сажа, голливога в вороном ореоле дыбом стоящих волос, с пуговицами от портов вместо глаз и красным байковым ртищем?
Если, вообще говоря, дар Горна только укрепился, то по отношению к Чипи он несомненно иссяк. Последние его портреты морской свинки были слабы. Он почувствовал это и решил Чипи похоронить. Заключительный рисунок изображал лунную ночь, могилку и надгробный камень с короткой эпитафией. Кое-кто из иностранных издателей, еще не почуявших обреченности Чипи, встревожился, просил его непременно продолжать. Но он теперь испытывает непреодолимое отвращение к своему детищу. Чипи, ненадежная Чипи, успела заслонить все другие его работы, и это он ей не мог простить. (Chapter XVII)
The villain in Laughter in the Dark, Rex brings to mind a chess problem of the solus rex type mentioned by Kinbote in his Commentary to Shade’s poem:
Frankly I too never excelled in soccer and cricket: I am a passable horseman, a vigorous though unorthodox skier, a good skater, a tricky wrestler, and an enthusiastic rock-climber.
Line 130 is followed in the draft by four verses which Shade discarded in favor of the Fair Copy continuation (line 131 etc.). This false start goes:
As children playing in a castle find
In some old closet full of toys, behind
The animals and masks, a sliding door
[four words heavily crossed out] a secret corridor -
The comparison has remained suspended. Presumably our poet intended to attach it to the account of his stumbling upon some mysterious truth in the fainting fits of his boyhood. I cannot say how sorry I am that he rejected these lines. I regret it not only because of their intrinsic beauty, which is great, but also because the image they contain was suggested by something Shade had from me. I have already alluded in the course of these notes to the adventures of Charles Xavier, last King of Zembla, and to the keen interest my friend took in the many stories I told him about that king. The index card on which the variant has been preserved is dated July 4 and is a direct echo of our sunset rambles in the fragrant lanes of New Wye and Dulwich. "Tell me more," he would say as he knocked his pipe empty against a beech trunk, and while the colored cloud lingered, and while far away in the lighted house on the hill Mrs. Shade sat quietly enjoying a video drama, I gladly acceded to my friend's request.
In simple words I described the curious situation in which the King found himself during the first months of the rebellion. He had the amusing feeling of his being the only black piece in what a composer of chess problems might term a king-in-the-corner waiter of the solus rex type. The Royalists, or at least the Modems (Moderate Democrats), might have still prevented the state from turning into a commonplace modern tyranny, had they been able to cope with the tainted gold and the robot troops that a powerful police state from its vantage ground a few sea miles away was pouring into the Zemblan Revolution. Despite the hopelessness of the situation, the King refused to abdicate. A haughty and morose captive, he was caged in his rose-stone palace from a corner turret of which one could make out with the help of field glasses lithe youths diving into the swimming pool of a fairy tale sport club, and the English ambassador in old-fashioned flannels playing tennis with the Basque coach on a clay court as remote as paradise. How serene were the mountains, how tenderly painted on the western vault of the sky! (note to Line 130)
Kinbote compares the King to the only black piece in what a composer of chess problems might term a king-in-the-corner waiter of the solus rex type. In Pale Fire black chess pieces are red (Charles the Beloved is the red king and his wife Disa is the red queen), and white chess pieces are green (John Shade is the green king and his wife Sybil is the green queen). According to Kinbote, the King walked out of the palace, crossed the mountains and left the country dressed as an athlete in scarlet wool. In Canto One of his poem Shade mentions his frame house between Goldsworth and Wordsmith on its square of green:
I cannot understand why from the lake
I could make out our front porch when I'd take
Lake Road to school, whilst now, although no tree
Has intervened, I look but fail to see
Even the roof. Maybe some quirk in space
Has caused a fold or furrow to displace
The fragile vista, the frame house between
Goldsworth and Wordsmith on its square of green. (ll. 41-48)
On the chessboard of Pale Fire white squares are green and black squares are red. At the beginning of “La Veneziana” VN mentions the red-hued castle and a vividly green grass court:
Перед красным замком, среди великолепных ильмов, зеленела муравчатая площадка. Рано утром садовник прогладил ее каменным катком, истребил две-три маргаритки и, наново расчертив газон жидким мелом, крепко натянул между двух столбов новую упругую сетку. Из ближнего городка дворецкий привез картонную коробку, в которой покоилась дюжина белых как снег, матовых на ощупь, еще легких, еще девственных мячей, завернутых, каждый отдельно, как дорогие плоды, в листы прозрачной бумаги.
In front of the red-hued castle, amid luxuriant elms, there was a vividly green grass court. Early that morning the gardener had smoothed it with a stone roller, extirpated a couple of daisies, redrawn the lines on the lawn with liquid chalk, and tightly strung a resilient new net between the posts. From a nearby village the butler had brought a carton within which reposed a dozen balls, white as snow, fuzzy to the touch, still light, still virgin, each wrapped like a precious fruit in its own sheet of transparent paper. (1)
In VN's story Drakon ("The Dragon," 1924) the dragon's mother has green and red humps:
Но однажды, когда, проглотив жирного королевского повара, она уснула на согретой солнцем скале, к ней подскакал сам великий Ганон в железных латах, на вороном коне под серебряной сеткой. Бедняжка спросонья взвилась на дыбы,
вспыхнув кострами зелёных и красных горбов; - и рыцарь, налетев, вдвинул стремительное копьё в её гладкую, белую грудь, она рухнула, и тотчас же из розовой раны вылез боком толстый повар с ее огромным, дымящимся сердцем под
мышкой.
But once, when she had swallowed a plump royal chef and dozed off on a sun-warmed rock, the great Ganon himself galloped up in iron armor, on a black steed under silver netting. The poor sleepy thing went rearing up, her green and red humps flashing like bonfires, and the charging knight thrust his swift lance into her smooth white breast. She crashed to the ground, and promptly, out of the pink wound, sidled the corpulent chef with her enormous, steaming heart under his arm.
A reveler in VN's story calls the dragon "the hydra of couterrevolution:"
Он выпроваживал из кабака пятерых старых рабочих, в лоск пьяных. Выйдя на улицу, они, вероятно, увидели нечто весьма любопытное, ибо все рассмеялись.
- О-го-го, - загрохотал голос одного из них. - Я, должно быть, выпил лишнего, если вижу наяву гидру контрр...
He was bundling off five thoroughly soused old laborers. They must have seen something highly curious outdoors, for they all broke out laughing--
"Oh-ho-ho," rumbled one of the voices, "I must have had one glass too many, if I see, big as life, the hydra of counterrevo--"
According to Kinbote, he suggested to Shade Solus Rex as a title of his poem:
We know how firmly, how stupidly I believed that Shade was composing a poem, a kind of romaunt, about the King of Zembla. We have been prepared for the horrible disappointment in store for me. Oh, I did not expect him to devote himself completely to that theme! It might have been blended of course with some of his own life stuff and sundry Americana - but I was sure his poem would contain the wonderful incidents I had described to him, the characters I had made alive for him and all the unique atmosphere of my kingdom. I even suggested to him a good title -the title of the book in me whose pages he was to cut: Solus Rex, instead of which I saw Pale Fire, which meant to me nothing. I started to read the poem. I read faster and faster. I sped through it, snarling, as a furious young heir through an old deceiver's testament. Where were the battlements of my sunset castle? Where was Zembla the Fair? Where her spine of mountains? Where her long thrill through the mist? And my lovely flower boys, and the spectrum of the stained windows, and the Black Rose Paladins, and the whole marvelous tale?
Nothing of it was there! The complex contribution I had been pressing upon him with a hypnotist's patience and a lover's urge was simply not there. Oh, but I cannot express the agony! Instead of the wild glorious romance - what did I have? An autobiographical, eminently Appalachian, rather old-fashioned narrative in a neo-Popian prosodic style - beautifully written of course - Shade could not write otherwise than beautifully - but void of my magic, of that special rich streak of magical madness which I was sure would run through it and make it transcend its time. (note to Line 1000)