Venena + Blok + Azov = Veen/even + Nabokov + laz/zal = Neva/Vena/vena + nebo + vokzal = zveno + balkon + Eva = venok + zloba + Neva = zakon + obval + Veen
Venena – Lat., poison; in the third poem of his cycle Plyaski Smerti (“The Dances of Death,” 1912-14) Alexander Blok (1880-1921) mentions a Jewish chemist sighing in his sleep and a closet marked Venena:
Пустая улица. Один огонь в окне.
Еврей-аптекарь охает во сне.
А перед шкапом с надписью Venena,
Хозяйственно согнув скрипучие колена,
Скелет, до глаз закутанный плащом,
Чего-то ищет, скалясь чёрным ртом...
Нашёл... Но ненароком чем-то звякнул,
И череп повернул... Аптекарь крякнул,
Привстал - и на другой свалился бок...
А гость меж тем - заветный пузырёк
Суёт из-под плаща двум женщинам безносым
На улице, под фонарём белёсым.
Skelet, do glaz zakutannyi plashchom (the skeleton wrapped in a cloak up to his eyes) brings to mind skeletiki (little skeletons) mentioned by Lucette:
‘My joy (moya radost’),’ said Lucette — just like that; he had expected more formality: all in all he had hardly known her before — except as an embered embryo.
Eyes swimming, coral nostrils distended, red mouth perilously disclosing her tongue and teeth in a preparatory half-open skew (tame animal signaling by that slant the semblance of a soft bite), she advanced in the daze of a commencing trance, of an unfolding caress — the aurora, who knows (she knew), of a new life for both.
‘Cheekbone,’ Van warned the young lady.
‘You prefer skeletiki (little skeletons),’ she murmured, as Van applied light lips (which had suddenly become even drier than usual) to his half-sister’s hot hard pommette. He could not help inhaling briefly her Degrasse, smart, though decidedly ‘paphish,’ perfume and, through it, the flame of her Little Larousse as he and the other said when they chose to emprison her in bath water. Yes, very nervous and fragrant. Indian summer too sultry for furs. The cross (krest) of the best-groomed redhead (rousse). Its four burning ends. Because one can’t stroke (as he did now) the upper copper without imagining at once the lower fox cub and the paired embers. (2.5)
Marina’s twin sister Aqua organized a Phree Pharmacy in Belokonsk (the Russian twin of ‘Whitehorse,’ a city in NW Canada):
She organized with Milton Abraham’s invaluable help a Phree Pharmacy in Belokonsk, and fell grievously in love there with a married man, who after one summer of parvenu passion dispensed to her in his Camping Ford garçonnière preferred to give her up rather than run the risk of endangering his social situation in a philistine town where businessmen played ‘golf’ on Sundays and belonged to ‘lodges.’ (1.3)
One of Blok's poems begins: Belyi kon' chut' stupaet ustaloy nogoy... ("The white horse carefully treads with his tired foot..." 1905). Milton Abraham’s invaluable help brings to mind the Amerussia of Abraham Milton:
Ved’ (‘it is, isn’t it’) sidesplitting to imagine that ‘Russia,’ instead of being a quaint synonym of Estoty, the American province extending from the Arctic no longer vicious Circle to the United States proper, was on Terra the name of a country, transferred as if by some sleight of land across the ha-ha of a doubled ocean to the opposite hemisphere where it sprawled over all of today’s Tartary, from Kurland to the Kuriles! But (even more absurdly), if, in Terrestrial spatial terms, the Amerussia of Abraham Milton was split into its components, with tangible water and ice separating the political, rather than poetical, notions of 'America' and 'Russia,' a more complicated and even more preposterous discrepancy arose in regard to time - not only because the history of each part of the amalgam did not quite match the history of each counterpart in its discrete condition, but because a gap of up to a hundred years one way or another existed between the two earths; a gap marked by a bizarre confusion of directional signs at the crossroads of passing time with not all the no-longers of one world corresponding to the not-yets of the other. (ibid.)
Novaya Amerika (“The New America,” 1913) is a poem by Blok. In his Foreword to Vozmezdie (“Retribution,” 1910-21) Blok says that in his poem he wanted to show how Russia is turning into a new America:
Такую идею я хотел воплотить в моих "Rougon-Macquar'ах" в малом масштабе, в коротком обрывке рода русского, живущего в условиях русской жизни: "Два-три звена, и уж видны заветы тёмной старины"... Путём катастроф и падений мои "Rougon-Macquar'ы" постепенно освобождаются от русско-дворянского education sentimentale, "уголь превращается в алмаз", Россия - в новую Америку; в новую, а не в старую Америку.
Abraham Milton seems to blend Abraham Lincoln with John Milton (the author of “Paradise Lost” and “The Doctrine and Discipline of Divorce”). During Van’s first tea party at Ardis Marina (Van’s, Ada’s and Lucette’s mother) mentions Lincoln’s second wife:
They now had tea in a prettily furnished corner of the otherwise very austere central hall from which rose the grand staircase. They sat on chairs upholstered in silk around a pretty table. Ada's black jacket and a pink-yellow-blue nosegay she had composed of anemones, celandines and columbines lay on a stool of oak. The dog got more bits of cake than it did ordinarily. Price, the mournful old footman who brought the cream for the strawberries, resembled Van's teacher of history, 'Jeejee' Jones.
'He resembles my teacher of history,' said Van when the man had gone.
'I used to love history,' said Marina, 'I loved to identify myself with famous women. There's a ladybird on your plate, Ivan. Especially with famous beauties - Lincoln's second wife or Queen Josephine.'
'Yes, I've noticed - it's beautifully done. We've got a similar set at home.'
'Slivok (some cream)? I hope you speak Russian?' Marina asked Van, as she poured him a cup of tea.
'Neohotno no sovershenno svobodno (reluctantly but quite fluently),' replied Van, slegka ulïbnuvshis' (with a slight smile). 'Yes, lots of cream and three lumps of sugar.'
'Ada and I share your extravagant tastes. Dostoevski liked it with raspberry syrup.'
'Pah,' uttered Ada. (1.5)
Azov – a Russian humorist mentioned by Marina in “Ardis the Second:”
Naked-faced, dull-haired, wrapped up in her oldest kimono (her Pedro had suddenly left for Rio), Marina reclined on her mahogany bed under a golden-yellow quilt, drinking tea with mare’s milk, one of her fads.
‘Sit down, have a spot of chayku,’ she said. ‘The cow is in the smaller jug, I think. Yes, it is.’ And when Van, having kissed her freckled hand, lowered himself on the ivanilich (a kind of sighing old hassock upholstered in leather): ‘Van, dear, I wish to say something to you, because I know I shall never have to repeat it again. Belle, with her usual flair for the right phrase, has cited to me the cousinage-dangereux-voisinage adage — I mean "adage," I always fluff that word — and complained qu’on s’embrassait dans tous les coins. Is that true?’
Van’s mind flashed in advance of his speech. It was, Marina, a fantastic exaggeration. The crazy governess had observed it once when he carried Ada across a brook and kissed her because she had hurt her toe. I’m the well-known beggar in the saddest of all stories.
‘Erunda (nonsense),’ said Van. ‘She once saw me carrying Ada across the brook and misconstrued our stumbling huddle (spotïkayushcheesya sliyanie).’
‘I do not mean Ada, silly,’ said Marina with a slight snort, as she fussed over the teapot. ‘Azov, a Russian humorist, derives erunda from the German hier und da, which is neither here nor there. Ada is a big girl, and big girls, alas, have their own worries. Mlle Larivière meant Lucette, of course. Van, those soft games must stop. Lucette is twelve, and naive, and I know it’s all clean fun, yet (odnako) one can never behave too delikatno in regard to a budding little woman. A propos de coins: in Griboedov’s Gore ot uma, "How stupid to be so clever," a play in verse, written, I think, in Pushkin’s time, the hero reminds Sophie of their childhood games, and says:
How oft we sat together in a corner
And what harm might there be in that?
but in Russian it is a little ambiguous, have another spot, Van?’ (he shook his head, simultaneously lifting his hand, like his father), ‘because, you see, — no, there is none left anyway — the second line, i kazhetsya chto v etom, can be also construed as "And in that one, meseems," pointing with his finger at a corner of the room. Imagine — when I was rehearsing that scene with Kachalov at the Seagull Theater, in Yukonsk, Stanislavski, Konstantin Sergeevich, actually wanted him to make that cosy little gesture (uyutnen’kiy zhest).’
‘How very amusing,’ said Van. (1.37)
In Blok's poem "Retribution" the hero's father ("Demon") sees Gore ot uma ("Woe from Wit") in his cold and cruel dreams:
В ком смутно брезжит память эта,
Тот странен и с людьми не схож:
Всю жизнь его - уже поэта
Священная объемлет дрожь,
Бывает глух, и слеп, и нем он,
В нём почивает некий бог,
Его опустошает Демон,
Над коим Врубель изнемог...
Его прозрения глубоки,
Но их глушит ночная тьма,
И в снах холодных и жестоких
Он видит "Горе от ума". (Chapter Three)
Blok pairs the hero's father with Vrubel, the author of The Demon Seated and The Demon Downcast. In Part Three of Ada Van mentions Vrubel's wonderful picture of his father:
Ardis, Manhattan, Mont Roux, our little rousse is dead. Vrubel's wonderful picture of Father, those demented diamonds staring at me, painted into me. (3.8)
At the family dinner in "Ardis the Second" Demon Veen quotes Famusov's words in "Woe from Wit:"
‘By the way, Demon,’ interrupted Marina, ‘where and how can I obtain the kind of old roomy limousine with an old professional chauffeur that Praskovia, for instance, has had for years?’
‘Impossible, my dear, they are all in heaven or on Terra. But what would Ada like, what would my silent love like for her birthday? It’s next Saturday, po razschyotu po moemu (by my reckoning), isn’t it? Une rivière de diamants?’
‘Protestuyu!’ cried Marina. ‘Yes, I’m speaking seriozno. I object to your giving her kvaka sesva (quoi que ce soit), Dan and I will take care of all that.’
‘Besides you’ll forget,’ said Ada laughing, and very deftly showed the tip of her tongue to Van who had been on the lookout for her conditional reaction to ‘diamonds.’ (1.38)
Darkbloom ('Notes to Ada'): po razschyotu po moemu: an allusion to Famusov (in Griboedov’s Gore ot uma), calculating the pregnancy of a lady friend.
Veen – the surname of almost all main characters of Ada:
On April 23, 1869, in drizzly and warm, gauzy and green Kaluga, Aqua, aged twenty-five and afflicted with her usual vernal migraine, married Walter D. Veen, a Manhattan banker of ancient Anglo-Irish ancestry who had long conducted, and was soon to resume intermittently, a passionate affair with Marina. The latter, some time in 1871, married her first lover’s first cousin, also Walter D. Veen, a quite as opulent, but much duller, chap.
The ‘D’ in the name of Aqua’s husband stood for Demon (a form of Demian or Dementius), and thus was he called by his kin. In society he was generally known as Raven Veen or simply Dark Walter to distinguish him from Marina’s husband, Durak Walter or simply Red Veen. Demon’s twofold hobby was collecting old masters and young mistresses. He also liked middle-aged puns. (1.1)
Durak Walter brings to mind khozyayka - dura i suprug - durak ("the idiot hostess and her husband, a fool"), a line in the first poem of Blok's cycle “The Dances of Death" (see my previous post).
laz – manhole
zal – hall
Neva – a river that flows in St. Petersburg (VN’s home city); in a letter to Van Ada mentions “the legendary river of Old Rus:”
We are still at the candy-pink and pisang-green albergo where you once stayed with your father. He is awfully nice to me, by the way. I enjoy going places with him. He and I have gamed at Nevada, my rhyme-name town, but you are also there, as well as the legendary river of Old Rus. Da. (2.1)
Vena – the Russian name of Wien (Vienna); on his deathbed Philip Rack (Lucette’s music teacher who was poisoned by his jealous wife and whom Van visits in Ward Five of the Kalugano hospital) calls Van “Baron von Wien:”
Van drew in his useless weapon. Controlling himself, he thumped it against the footboard of his wheelchair. Dorofey glanced up from his paper, then went back to the article that engrossed him — ‘A Clever Piggy (from the memoirs of an animal trainer),’ or else ‘The Crimean War: Tartar Guerillas Help Chinese Troops.’ A diminutive nurse simultaneously stepped out from behind the farther screen and disappeared again.
Will he ask me to transmit a message? Shall I refuse? Shall I consent — and not transmit it?
‘Have they all gone to Hollywood already? Please, tell me, Baron von Wien.’
‘I don’t know,’ answered Van. ‘They probably have. I really —’
‘Because I sent my last flute melody, and a letter for all the family, and no answer has come. I must vomit now. I ring myself.’
The diminutive nurse on tremendously high white heels pulled forward the screen of Rack’s bed, separating him from the melancholy, lightly wounded, stitched-up, clean-shaven young dandy; who was rolled out and away by efficient Dorofey. (1.42)
vena – vein
nebo – sky
vokzal – railway station
zveno – link (of a chain); in his Foreword to “Retribution” (and in the poem itself) Blok mentions dva-tri zvena (two or three links [of an old family]; see a quote above)
balkon – balcony
Eva – Russian name of Eve; in a conversation with Demon (Van’s and Ada’s father) the Bohemian lady mentions "Eve on the Clepsydrophone:"
Next day Demon was having tea at his favorite hotel with a Bohemian lady whom he had never seen before and was never to see again (she desired his recommendation for a job in the Glass Fish-and-Flower department in a Boston museum) when she interrupted her voluble self to indicate Marina and Aqua, blankly slinking across the hall in modish sullenness and bluish furs with Dan Veen and a dackel behind, and said:
‘Curious how that appalling actress resembles "Eve on the Clepsydrophone" in Parmigianino’s famous picture.’
‘It is anything but famous,’ said Demon quietly, ‘and you can’t have seen it. I don’t envy you,’ he added; ‘the naive stranger who realizes that he or she has stepped into the mud of an alien life must experience a pretty sickening feeling. Did you get that small-talk information directly from a fellow named d’Onsky or through a friend of a friend of his?’
‘Friend of his,’ replied the hapless Bohemian lady. (1.2)
In his poem Bylo to v tyomnykh Karpatakh… (“It was in the dark Carpathians…” 1913) Blok mentions the distant Bohemia:
Было то в тёмных Карпатах,
Было в Богемии дальней…
According to Marina, she was in Eve’s state when Demon telephoned her:
‘Adieu. Perhaps it is better thus,’ wrote Demon to Marina in mid-April, 1869 (the letter may be either a copy in his calligraphic hand or the unposted original), ‘for whatever bliss might have attended our married life, and however long that blissful life might have lasted, one image I shall not forget and will not forgive. Let it sink in, my dear. Let me repeat it in such terms as a stage performer can appreciate. You had gone to Boston to see an old aunt — a cliché, but the truth for the nonce — and I had gone to my aunt’s ranch near Lolita, Texas. Early one February morning (around noon chez vous) I rang you up at your hotel from a roadside booth of pure crystal still tear-stained after a tremendous thunderstorm to ask you to fly over at once, because I, Demon, rattling my crumpled wings and cursing the automatic dorophone, could not live without you and because I wished you to see, with me holding you, the daze of desert flowers that the rain had brought out. Your voice was remote but sweet; you said you were in Eve’s state, hold the line, let me put on a penyuar. Instead, blocking my ear, you spoke, I suppose, to the man with whom you had spent the night (and whom I would have dispatched, had I not been overeager to castrate him). Now that is the sketch made by a young artist in Parma, in the sixteenth century, for the fresco of our destiny, in a prophetic trance, and coinciding, except for the apple of terrible knowledge, with an image repeated in two men’s minds. Your runaway maid, by the way, has been found by the police in a brothel here and will be shipped to you as soon as she is sufficiently stuffed with mercury.’ (1.2)
The name of Marina’s lover, Baron d’Onsky (nicknamed Skonky), seems to hint at Onegin’s donskoy zherebets (Don stallion) in Pushkin’s Eugene Onegin (Two: V: 4). But it also brings to mind Dmitri Donskoy, a Moscow Prince who defeated the Tartars led by Khan Mamai in the battle of Kulikovo (1380). Na pole Kulikovom (“In the Field of Kulikovo,” 1908) is a cycle of five poems by Blok. It seems that on Demonia (aka Antiterra, Earth’s twin planet on which Ada is set) the Russians lost the battle of Kulikovo and, as a result of Khan Mamai’s victory, moved to America, crossing “the ha-ha of a doubled ocean” (as Van calls the Bering strait, see a quote above).
venok – wreath; garland
zloba – malice; spite; according to Van, Demon married Aqua out of spite and pity:
The modest narrator has to remind the rereader of all this, because in April (my favorite month), 1869 (by no means a mirabilic year), on St George’s Day (according to Mlle Larivière’s maudlin memoirs) Demon Veen married Aqua Veen — out of spite and pity, a not unusual blend.
Was there some additional spice? Marina, with perverse vainglory, used to affirm in bed that Demon’s senses must have been influenced by a queer sort of ‘incestuous’ (whatever that term means) pleasure (in the sense of the French plaisir, which works up a lot of supplementary spinal vibrato), when he fondled, and savored, and delicately parted and defiled, in unmentionable but fascinating ways, flesh (une chair) that was both that of his wife and that of his mistress, the blended and brightened charms of twin peris, an Aquamarina both single and double, a mirage in an emirate, a germinate gem, an orgy of epithelial alliterations. (1.3)
zakon – law; in his ode Vol'nost' ("Liberty," 1817) Pushkin mentions venok (garland) and Zakon (Law)
obval – falling, crumbling; collapse; landslip; Obval ("The Snow-slip," 1829) and Monastyr' na Kazbeke ("A Monastery on the Kazbek," 1829) are Pushkin's Caucasian poems; in "The Demon" (1829-40) Lermontov compares Mount Kazbek to gran' almaza (a diamond's facet); in Part Three of Ada Van paraphrases Lermontov's lines:
He greeted the dawn of a placid and prosperous century (more than half of which Ada and I have now seen) with the beginning of his second philosophic fable, a ‘denunciation of space’ (never to be completed, but forming in rear vision, a preface to his Texture of Time). Part of that treatise, a rather mannered affair, but nasty and sound, appeared in the first issue (January, 1904) of a now famous American monthly, The Artisan, and a comment on the excerpt is preserved in one of the tragically formal letters (all destroyed save this one) that his sister sent him by public post now and then. Somehow, after the interchange occasioned by Lucette’s death such nonclandestine correspondence had been established with the tacit sanction of Demon:
And o’er the summits of the Tacit
He, banned from Paradise, flew on:
Beneath him, like a brilliant’s facet,
Mount Peck with snows eternal shone. (3.7)