Vladimir Nabokov

Dr Byron & dogs in Lolita

By Alexey Sklyarenko, 27 July, 2019

When Humbert Humbert (the narrator and main character in VN’s novel Lolita, 1955) visits Lolita (now married to Richard F. Schiller) in Coalmont, a dog barks at him:

 

Hunter Road was miles away, in an even more dismal district, all dump and ditch, and wormy vegetable garden, and shack, and gray drizzle, and red mud, and several smoking stacks in the distance. I stopped at the last “house”a clapboard shack, with two or three similar ones farther away from the road and a waste of withered weeds all around. Sounds of hammering came from behind the house, and for several minutes I sat quite still in my old car, old and frail, at the end of my journey, at my gray goal, finis, my friends, finis, my fiends. The time was around two. My pulse was 40 one minute and 100 the next. The drizzle crepitated against the hood of the car. My gun had migrated to my right trouser pocket. A nondescript cur came out from behind the house, stopped in surprise, and started good-naturedly woof-woofing at me, his eyes slit, his shaggy belly all muddy, and then walked about a little and woofed once more. (2.28)

 

I got out of the car and slammed its door. How matter-of-fact, how square that slam sounded in the void of the sunless day! Woof, commented the dog perfunctorily. I pressed the bell button, it vibrated through my whole system. Personne. Je resonne. Repersonne. From what depth this re-nonsense? Woof, said the dog. A rush and a shuffle, and woosh-woof went the door. (2.29)

 

In his poem Vozvrashchenie na rodinu (“Coming Back to my Native Land,” 1924) Esenin mentions a small dog that greeted him po-bayronovski (à la Byron) with barks at the gate:

 

По-байроновски наша собачонка
Меня встречала с лаем у ворот.

 

Lolita’s mother dies under the wheels of a truck because of a neighbor’s hysterical dog. On the day of Charlotte’s death Humbert Humbert visits Dr Byron (the Haze family physician):

 

Next day, after lunch, I went to see “our” doctor, a friendly fellow whose perfect bedside manner and complete reliance on a few patented drugs adequately masked his ignorance of, and indifference to, medical science. The fact that Lo would have to come back to Ramsdale was a treasure of anticipation. For this event I wanted to be fully prepared. I had in fact begun my campaign earlier, before Charlotte made that cruel decision of hers. I had to be sure when my lovely child arrived, that very night, and then night after night, until St. Algebra took her away from me, I would possess the means of putting two creatures to sleep so thoroughly that neither sound nor touch should rouse them. Throughout most of July I had been experimenting with various sleeping powders, trying them out on Charlotte, a great taker of pills. The last dose I had given her (she thought it was a tablet of mild bromides - to anoint her nerves) had knocked her out for four solid hours. I had put the radio at full blast. I had blazed in her face an olisbos-like flashlight. I had pushed her, pinched her, prodded her - and nothing had disturbed the rhythm of her calm and powerful breathing. However, when I had done such a simple thing as kiss her, she had awakened at once, as fresh and strong as an octopus (I barely escaped). This would not do, I thought; had to get something still safer. At first, Dr. Byron did not seem to believe me when I said his last prescription was no match for my insomnia. He suggested I try again, and for a moment diverted my attention by showing me photographs of his family. He had a fascinating child of Dolly’s age; but I saw through his tricks and insisted he prescribe the mightiest pill extant. He suggested I play golf, but finally agreed to give me something that, he said, “would really work”; and going to a cabinet, he produced a vial of violet-blue capsules banded with dark purple at one end, which, he said, had just been placed on the market and were intended not for neurotics whom a draft of water could calm if properly administered, but only for great sleepless artists who had to die for a few hours in order to live for centuries. I love to fool doctors, and though inwardly rejoicing, pocketed the pills with a skeptical shrug. Incidentally, I had had to be careful with him. Once, in another connection, a stupid lapse on my part made me mention my last sanatorium, and I thought I saw the tips of his ears twitch. Being not at all keen for Charlotte or anybody else to know that period of my past, I had hastily explained that I had once done some research among the insane for a novel. But no matter; the old rogue certainly had a sweet girleen.

I left in great spirits. Steering my wife’s car with one finger, I contentedly rolled homeward. Ramsdale had, after all, lots of charm. The cicadas whirred; the avenue had been freshly watered. Smoothly, almost silkily, I turned down into our steep little street. Everything was somehow so right that day. So blue and green. I knew the sun shone because my ignition key was reflected in the windshield; and I knew it was exactly half past three because the nurse who came to massage Miss Opposite every afternoon was tripping down the narrow sidewalk in her white stockings and shoes. As usual, Junk’s hysterical setter attacked me as I rolled downhill, and as usual, the local paper was lying on the porch where it had just been hurled by Kenny.

The day before I had ended the regime of aloofness I had imposed upon myself, and now uttered a cheerful homecoming call as I opened the door of the living room. With her ream-white nape and bronze bun to me, wearing the yellow blouse and maroon slacks she had on when I first met her, Charlotte sat at the corner bureau writing a letter. My hand still on the doorknob, I repeated my hearty cry. Her writing hand stopped. She sat still for a moment; then she slowly turned in her chair and rested her elbow on its curved back. Her face, disfigured by her emotion, was not a pretty sight as she stared at my legs and said:

“The Haze woman, the big bitch, the old cat, the obnoxious mamma, the - the old stupid Haze is no longer your dupe. She has - she has…”

My fair accuser stopped, swallowing her venom and her tears. Whatever Humbert Humbert said - or attempted to say - is inessential. She went on:

“You’re a monster. You’re a detestable, abominable, criminal fraud. If you come near - I’ll scream out the window. Get back!”

Again, whatever H.H. murmured may be omitted, I think.

“I am leaving tonight. This is all yours. Only you’ll never, never see that miserable brat again. Get out of this room.”

Reader, I did. I went up to the ex-semi-studio. Arms akimbo, I stood for a moment quite still and self-composed, surveying from the threshold the raped little table with its open drawer, a key hanging from the lock, four other household keys on the table top. I walked across the landing into the Humberts’ bedroom, and calmly removed my diary from under her pillow into my pocket. Then I started to walk downstairs, but stopped half-way: she was talking on the telephone which happened to be plugged just outside the door of the living room. I wanted to hear what she was saying: she canceled an order for something or other, and returned to the parlor. I rearranged my respiration and went through the hallway to the kitchen. There, I opened a bottle of Scotch. She could never resist Scotch. Then I walked into the dining room and from there, through the half-open door, contemplated Charlotte’s broad back.

“You are ruining my life and yours,” I said quietly. “Let us be civilized people. It is all your hallucination. You are crazy, Charlotte. The notes you found were fragments of a novel. Your name and hers were put in by mere chance. Just because they came handy. Think it over. I shall bring you a drink.”

She neither answered nor turned, but went on writing in a scorching scrawl whatever she was writing. A third letter, presumably (two in stamped envelopes were already laid out on the desk). I went back to the kitchen.

I set out two glasses (to St. Algebra? to Lo?) and opened the refrigerator. It roared at me viciously while I removed the ice from its heart. Rewrite. Let her read it again. She will not recall details. Change, forge. Write a fragment and show it to her or leave it lying around. Why do faucets sometimes whine so horribly? A horrible situation, really. The little pillow-shaped blocks of ice - pillows for polar teddy bear, Lo - emitted rasping, crackling, tortured sounds as the warm water loosened them in their cells. I bumped down the glasses side by side. I poured in the whiskey and a dram of soda. She had tabooed my pin. Bark and bang went the icebox. Carrying the glasses, I walked through the dining room and spoke through the parlor door which was a fraction ajar, not quite space enough for my elbow.

“I have made you a drink,” I said.

She did not answer, the mad bitch, and I placed the glasses on the sideboard near the telephone, which had started to ring.

“Leslie speaking. Leslie Tomson,” said Leslie Tomson who favored a dip at dawn. “Mrs. Humbert, sir, has been run over and you’d better come quick.”

I answered, perhaps a bit testily, that my wife was safe and sound, and still holding the receiver, I pushed open the door and said:

“There’s this man saying you’ve been killed, Charlotte.”

But there was no Charlotte in the living room. (1.22)

 

In a letter to his half-sister (and lover) Augusta Lord Byron accuses his wife of breaking open his writing-desk. Byron gave odd names to his dogs. As she speaks to Humbert, Jean Farlow mentions her dogs Cavall and Melampus:

 

Jean said she had been up there, in a place of green concealment, spying on nature (spies are generally shot), trying to finish a lakescape, but it was no good, she had no talent whatever (which was quite true) - "And have you ever tried painting, Humbert?” Charlotte, who was a little jealous of Jean, wanted to know if John was coming.

He was. He was coming home for lunch today. He had dropped her on the way to Parkington and should be picking her up any time now. It was a grand morning. She always felt a traitor to Cavall and Melampus for leaving them roped on such gorgeous days. She sat down on the white sand between Charlotte and me. She wore shorts. Her long brown legs were about as attractive to me as those of a chestnut mare. She showed her gums when she smiled. (1.20)

 

As he watches Lolita playing with the dog, Humbert wonders what heartbreaks are caused in a dog by our discontinuing a romp:

 

Oh Lolita! There she was playing with a damned dog, not me. The animal, a terrier of sorts, was losing and snapping up again and adjusting between his jaws a wet little red ball; he took rapid chords with his front paws on the resilient turf, and then would bounce away. I had only wanted to see where she was, I could not swim with my heart in that state, but who caredand there she was, and there was I, in my robeand so I stopped calling; but suddenly something in the pattern of her motions, as she dashed this way and that in her Aztec Red bathing briefs and bra, struck me… there was an ecstasy, a madness about her frolics that was too much of a glad thing. Even the dog seemed puzzled by the extravagance of her reactions. I put a gentle hand to my chest as I surveyed the situation. The turquoise blue swimming pool some distance behind the lawn was no longer behind that lawn, but within my thorax, and my organs swam in it like excrements in the blue sea water in Nice. One of the bathers had left the pool and, half-concealed by the peacocked shade of trees, stood quite still, holding the ends of the towel around his neck and following Lolita with his amber eyes. There he stood, in the camouflage of sun and shade, disfigured by them and masked by his own nakedness, his damp black hair or what was left of it, glued to his round head, his little mustache a humid smear, the wool on his chest spread like a symmetrical trophy, his naval pulsating, his hirsute thighs dripping with bright droplets, his tight wet black bathing trunks bloated and bursting with vigor where his great fat bullybag was pulled up and back like a padded shield over his reversed beasthood. And as I looked at his oval nut-brown face, it dawned upon me that what I had recognized him by was the reflection of my daughter’s countenancethe same beatitude and grimace but made hideous by his maleness. And I also knew that the child, my child, knew he was looking, enjoyed the lechery of his look and was putting on a show of gambol and glee, the vile and beloved slut. As she made for the ball and missed it, she fell on her back, with her obscene young legs madly pedaling in the air; I could sense the musk of her excitement from where I stood, and then I saw (petrified with a kind of sacred disgust) the man close his eyes and bare his small, horribly small and even, teeth as he leaned against a tree in which a multitude of dappled Priaps shivered. Immediately afterwards a marvelous transformation took place. He was no longer the satyr but a very good-natured and foolish Swiss cousin, the Gustave Trapp I have mentioned more than once, who used to counteract his “sprees” (he drank beer with milk, the good swine) by feats of weight-liftingtottering and grunting on a lake beach with his otherwise very complete bathing suit jauntily stripped from one shoulder. This Trapp noticed me from afar and working the towel on his name walked back with false insouciance to the pool. And as if the sun had gone out of the game, Lo slackened and slowly got up ignoring the ball that the terrier placed before her. Who can say what heartbreaks are caused in a dog by our discontinuing a romp? I started to say something, and then sat down on the grass with a quite monstrous pain in my chest and vomited a torrent of browns and greens that I had never remembered eating. (2.21)

 

In the hall of The Enchanted Hunters (a hotel in Briceland where Humbert Humbert and Lolita spend their first night together and where Quilty also stays at the time) Lolita caresses an old lady's cocker spaniel:

 

A hunchbacked and hoary Negro in a uniform of sorts took our bags and wheeled them slowly into the lobby. It was full of old ladies and clergymen. Lolita sank down on her haunches to caress a pale-faced, blue-freckled, black-eared cocker spaniel swooning on the floral carpet under her hand - as who would not, my heart - while I cleared my throat through the throng to the desk. (1.27)

 

At the Elphinstone hospital Quilty ("Mr. Gustave") calls for Lolita with a cocker spaniel pup:

 

"Okey-dokey," big Frank sang out, slapped the jamb, and whistling, carried my message away, and I went on drinking, and by morning the fever was gone, and although I was as limp as a toad, I put on the purple dressing gown over my maize yellow pajamas, and walked over to the office telephone. Everything was fine. A bright voice informed me that yes, everything was fine, my daughter had checked out the day before, around two, her uncle, Mr. Gustave, had called for her with a cocker spaniel pup and a smile for everyone, and a black Caddy Lack, and had paid Dolly's bill in cash, and told them to tell me I should not worry, and keep warm, they were at Grandpa's ranch as agreed. (2.22)

 

In Vozvrashchenie na rodinu Esenin describes his meeting with his ninety-year-old grandfather (whom he does not recognize at first):

 

По тропке, опершись на подожок,
Идёт старик, сметая пыль с бурьяна.
"Прохожий!
Укажи, дружок,
Где тут живет Есенина Татьяна?"

"Татьяна... Гм...
Да вон за той избой.
А ты ей что?
Сродни?
Аль, может, сын пропащий?"

"Да, сын.
Но что, старик, с тобой?
Скажи мне,
Отчего ты так глядишь скорбяще?"

"Добро, мой внук,
Добро, что не узнал ты деда!.."
"Ах, дедушка, ужели это ты?"
И полилась печальная беседа
Слезами тёплыми на пыльные цветы.

 

Like Byron (the author of Epitaph to a Dog, 1808), Esenin loved dogs. His poem Sobake Kachalova ("To Kachalov's Dog," 1925) begins:

 

Дай, Джим, на счастье лапу мне.

Come, Jim, give me your paw for luck.

Shakeeb_Arzoo

4 years 9 months ago

Dogs in Lolita is a thony topic; one has to tread carefully here. The juxtaposition of the passages is of course, helpful. I would say dogs have pretty much the same or greater function than 'cats' in Pale Fire. Maybe one can also use for comparison (in a different thematic sense) dogs from VN's Despair. There however, Hermann's little wordplay (How do God and Devil combine to form a live dog?) comes back to haunt him viciously in a cold nightmare:

"I dreamed a loathsome dream, a triple ephialtes. First there was a small dog; but not simply a small dog; a small mock dog, very small, with the minute black eyes of a beetle’s larva; it was white through and through, and coldish. Flesh? No, not flesh, but rather grease or jelly, or else perhaps, the fat of a white worm, with, moreover, a kind of carved corrugated surface reminding one of a Russian paschal lamb of butter—disgusting mimicry. A cold-blooded being, which Nature had twisted into the likeness of a small dog with a tail and legs, all as it should be. It kept getting into my way, I could not avoid it; and when it touched me, I felt something like an electric shock. I woke up. On the sheet of the bed next to mine there lay curled up, like a swooned white larva, that very same dreadful little pseudo dog … I groaned with disgust and opened my eyes. All around shadows floated; the bed next to mine was empty except for the broad burdock leaves which, owing to the damp, grow out of bedsteads. One could see, on those leaves, telltale stains of a slimy nature; I peered closer; there, glued to a fat stem it sat, small, tallowish-white, with its little black button eyes … but then, at last, I woke up for good." (Chapter 5)

Of course this looks forward to the ending of Despair, with dogs barking and cursing all around Hermann's 'last refuge'. (Chapter 11)

In Otchayanie Hermann's wordplay is different: there is no "live dog." Therefore a small dog in Hermann's nightmare is no way connected with God or Devil. A thorny topic indeed! 

Shakeeb_Arzoo

4 years 9 months ago

Yes, I actually wanted to ask you about the "Russian" original. That was partly my purpose when I raised the issue of Otchayanie. As usual having no Russian hampers me, but not much I can do about it right now. I was not that really into the Devil/God personification idea as I was into the source of the triple "nightmares" or the dream related in Chapter 5 of Despair. What made that little wordplay singular was the positioning of it, after two other turns of phrasing. Hermann mentions he "likes to make words look self-conscious by a mock marriage of pun" and demonstrates it with three examples: s1. jest in majesty 2. ass in passion and 3. God and Devil in live dog. This is partly echoed in the triple "ephialties" (from Chapter 5) that he later recounts. I wonder about the Russian phrasing, i.e. immediately following the three examples of puns, Hermann (Chap 3) mentions another "singular and nasty dream" (obviously, a re-imagining and referring to the accident from The Death of Ivan Ilyich). And while sleeping next to Felix, he mentions: "I dreamed a loathsome dream" that I quoted above. Now the source or the ramifications of this little dream has long puzzled me.

Once I thought I had hit upon its source (and reference) but I'm not too sure about it any more. In R.L. Stevenson's essay on his methods of composition (which Nabokov had surely read, as mentioned in his lecture on Jekyll and Hyde) titled "A Chapter on Dreams" he narrates a dream vaguely reminiscent of the above:

"There was no sign of the farm-folk or of any live stock, save for an old, brown, curly dog of the retriever breed, who sat close in against the wall of the house and seemed to be dozing. Something about this dog disquieted the dreamer; it was quite a nameless feeling, for the beast looked right enough — indeed, he was so old and dull and dusty and broken-down, that he should rather have awakened pity; and yet the conviction came and grew upon the dreamer that this was no proper dog at all, but something hellish. A great many dozing summer flies hummed about the yard; and presently the dog thrust forth his paw, caught a fly in his open palm, carried it to his mouth like an ape, and looking suddenly up at the dreamer in the window, winked to him with one eye. The dream went on, it matters not how it went; it was a good dream as dreams go; but there was nothing in the sequel worthy of that devilish brown dog. And the point of interest for me lies partly in that very fact: that having found so singular an incident, my imperfect dreamer should prove unable to carry the tale to a fit end and fall back on indescribable noises and indiscriminate horrors."

Of course, as you would note the breeds and the descriptons of the dog and seem very different; and in all fairness (with the hindsight of Invitation to a Beheading) that small dog of Hermann's dream might not be a real dog at all but a prop (a "mock dog") very much like the spider from the cell of Cincinnatus. But here Nabokov comes in - always clear-headed and lucid-minded from Eugene Onegin: "The pursuit of reminiscences may become a form of insanity on the scholiast's part" which induces me to put an end to this "post".

PS - Here's the link to that remarkable essay from Stevenson (public domain) https://ebooks.adelaide.edu.au/s/stevenson/robert_louis/s848ce/chapter20.html.

It was brought to my attention not by Nabokov but by Bergson's mention of it in his essay, "The World of Dreams". But of course, Bergson was brought to the fore by Nabokov himself, at least in the mind of this reader.

Alexey Sklyarenko

4 years 9 months ago

In reply to by Shakeeb_Arzoo

In her essay on "Despair" (https://www.google.ru/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwiEu5TIndzjAhWm2aYKHTt7Ac8QFjAAegQIAhAB&url=https%3A%2F%2Flit.wikireading.ru%2F37637&usg=AOvVaw1N09lz6xpqMoCcEFYkRFAt) Olga Skonechnaya links lzhesobachka (the mock dog) in Hermann's nightmare to sobachka (a small gog) in Sologub's Melkiy bes ("The Petty Demon," 1907):

 

Мрачный бред Передонова обретает очертания Недотыкомки, неотвязной, наглой и вездесущей сологубовской героини. Она подсматривает, хихикает, прикинется вдруг «лентою, веткой, флагом, тучкою, собачкою…».[18] Не она ли является в кошмарах Германа: «На простыне соседней постели лежала, свернувшись холодным белым пирожком, все та же гнусная лжесобачка…» (392)?

 

Ardalion and his friend Perebrodov hint at Ardalion Peredonov (the main character in "The Petty Demon"). In VN's novel Hermann mentions melkiy demon-mistifikator (petty demon mystifying you) and belye, kholodnye sobachki (white cold small dogs):  

 

Если я не хозяин своей жизни, не деспот своего бытия, то никакая логика и ничьи экстазы не разубедят меня в невозможной глупости моего положения, – положения раба Божьего, – даже не раба, а какой-то спички, которую зря зажигает и потом гасит любознательный ребенок – гроза своих игрушек. Но беспокоиться не о чем, Бога нет, как нет и бессмертия, – это второе чудище можно так же легко уничтожить, как и первое. В самом деле, – представьте себе, что вы умерли и вот очнулись в раю, где с улыбками вас встречают дорогие покойники. Так вот, скажите на милость, какая у нас гарантия, что это покойники подлинные, что это действительно ваша покойная матушка, а не какой-нибудь мелкий демон-мистификатор, изображающий, играющий вашу матушку с большим искусством и правдоподобием. Вот в чем затор, вот в чем ужас, и ведь игра-то будет долгая, бесконечная, никогда, никогда, никогда душа на том свете не будет уверена, что ласковые, родные души, окружившие ее, не ряженые демоны, – и вечно, вечно, вечно душа будет пребывать в сомнении, ждать страшной, издевательской перемены в любимом лице, наклонившемся к ней. Поэтому я все приму, пускай – рослый палач в цилиндре, а затем – раковинный гул вечного небытия, но только не пытка бессмертием, только не эти белые, холодные собачки, – увольте, – я не вынесу ни малейшей нежности, предупреждаю вас, ибо все – обман, все – гнусный фокус, я не доверяю ничему и никому, – и когда самый близкий мне человек, встретив меня на том свете, подойдет ко мне и протянет знакомые руки, я заору от ужаса, я грохнусь на райский дерн, я забьюсь, я не знаю, что сделаю, – нет, закройте для посторонних вход в области блаженства.

 

If I am not master of my life, not sultan of my own being, then no man's logic and no man's ecstatic fits may force me to find less silly my impossibly silly position: that of God's slave; no, not his slave even, but just a match which is aimlessly struck and then blown out by some inquisitive child, the terror of his toys. God does not exist, as neither does our hereafter, that second bogey being as easily disposed of as the first. Indeed, imagine yourself just dead—and suddenly wide awake in Paradise where, wreathed in smiles, your dear dead welcome you.

Now tell me, please, what guarantee do you possess that those beloved ghosts are genuine; that it is really your dear dead mother and not some petty demon mystifying you, masked as your mother and impersonating her with consummate art and naturalness? There is the rub, there is the horror; the more so as the acting will go on and on, endlessly; never, never, never, never, never will your soul in that other world be quite sure that the sweet gentle spirits crowding about it are not fiends in disguise, and forever, and forever, and forever shall your soul remain in doubt, expecting every moment some awful change, some diabolical sneer to disfigure the dear face bending over you. (Chapter Six)

 

The title of Sologub's novel was borrowed from Pushkin's "Scene from Faust" (1825) in which Mephistopheles compares himself to melkiy bes (a petty demon). At the end of the poem Mephistopheles mentions gruz bogatyi shokolata (a rich load of chocolate):

 

Фayст
Что там белеет? говори.

Мефистофель
Корабль испанский трёхмачтовый,
Пристать в Голландию готовый:
На нём мерзавцев сотни три,
Две обезьяны, бочки злата,
Да груз богатый шоколата,
Да модная болезнь: она
Недавно вам подарена.

Фауст
Всё утопить.

Мефистофель
Сейчас.
(Исчезает.)

 

Faust
What's that white spot on the water?

Mephistopheles
A Spanish three-master, clearing the sound,
Fully laden, Holland-bound;
Three hundred sordid souls aboard her,
Two monkeys, chests of gold, a lot
Of fine expensive chocolate,
And a fashionable malady
Bestowed on your kind recently.

Faust
Sink it.

Mephistopheles
Right away.

(Vanishes)

(transl. A. Shaw)

 

In VN's novel Hermann (whose name hints at the hero of Pushkin's "Queen of Spades," 1834) is a chocolate manufacturer.

 

Btw., Belaya sobaka ("The White Dog," 1903) is a story by Sologub.

Shakeeb_Arzoo

4 years 9 months ago

Well my first source of information on "Despair" was Alexander Dolinin's article "The Caning of Modernist Profaners" which was a good read back in 2013. I had just read the novel, was hungry for more information and his article was hugely enjoyable. Now, you direct me back to Dolinin edited V.V.Nabokov: Pro et Contra. Also the following phrase that you mention:

"....but I refuse to undergo the tortures of everlasting life, I do not want those cold white little dogs."