During her second road trip with Humbert Humbert (the narrator and main character in VN's novel Lolita, 1955) across the USA, Lolita falls ill and on Tuesday, 28 June 1949, is hospitalized in Elphinstone (a small town in the Rocky Mountains). Describing his stay at the Elphinstone Silver Spur Court, Humbert Humbert mentions big Frank, a robust and kindly trucker who had been blown through a wall overseas:
I heard the sound of whistling lips nearing the half-opened door of my cabin, and then a thump upon it.
It was big Frank. He remained framed in the opened door, one hand on its jamb, leaning forward a little.
Howdy. Nurse Lore was on the telephone. She wanted to know was I better and would I come today?
At twenty paces Frank used to look a mountain of health; at five, as now, he was a ruddy mosaic of scars - had been blown through a wall overseas; but despite nameless injuries he was able to man a tremendous truck, fish, hunt, drink, and buoyantly dally with roadside ladies. That day, either because it was such a great holiday, or simply because he wanted to divert a sick man, he had taken off the glove he usually wore on his left hand (the one pressing against the side of the door) and revealed to the fascinated sufferer not only an entire lack of fourth and fifth fingers, but also a naked girl, with cinnabar nipples and indigo delta, charmingly tattooed on the back of his crippled hand, its index and middle digit making her legs while his wrist bore her flower-crowned head. Oh, delicious… reclining against the woodwork, like some sly fairy.
I asked him to tell Mary Lore I would stay in bed all day and would get into touch with my daughter sometime tomorrow if I felt probably Polynesian.
He noticed the direction of my gaze and made her right hip twitch amorously.
“Okey-dokey,” big Frank sang out, slapped the jamb, and whistling, carried my message away, and I went on drinking, and by morning the fever was gone, and although I was as limp as a toad, I put on the purple dressing gown over my maize yellow pajamas, and walked over to the office telephone. Everything was fine. A bright voice informed me that yes, everything was fine, my daughter had checked out the day before, around two, her uncle, Mr. Gustave, had called for her with a cocker spaniel pup and a smile for everyone, and a black Caddy Lack, and had paid Dolly’s bill in cash, and told them to tell me I should not worry, and keep warm, they were at Grandpa’s ranch as agreed.
Elphinstone was, and I hope still is, a very cute little town. It was spread like a maquette, you know, with its neat greenwool trees and red-roofed houses over the valley floor and I think I have alluded earlier to its model school and temple and spacious rectangular blocks, some of which were, curiously enough, just unconventional pastures with a mule or a unicorn grazing in the young July morning mist. Very amusing: at one gravelgroaning sharp turn I sideswiped a parked car but said to myself telestically - and, telepathically (I hoped), to its gesticulating owner - that I would return later, address Bird School, Bird, New Bird, the gin kept my heart alive but bemazed my brain, and after some lapses and losses common to dream sequences, I found myself in the reception room, trying to beat up the doctor, and roaring at people under chairs, and clamoring for Mary who luckily for her was not there; rough hands plucked at my dressing gown, ripping off a pocket, and somehow I seem to have been sitting on a bald brown-headed patient, whom I had mistaken for Dr. Blue, and who eventually stood up, remarking with a preposterous accent: “Now, who is neurotic, I ask?”and then a gaunt unsmiling nurse presented me with seven beautiful, beautiful books and the exquisitely folded tartan lap robe, and demanded a receipt; and in the sudden silence I became aware of a policeman in the hallway, to whom my fellow motorist was pointing me out, and meekly I signed the very symbolic receipt, thus surrendering my Lolita to all those apes. But what else could I do? One simple and stark thought stood out and this was: “Freedom for the moment is everything.” One false move - and I might have been made to explain a life of crime. So I simulated a coming out of a daze. To my fellow motorist I paid what he thought was fair. To Dr. Blue, who by then was stroking my hand, I spoke in tears of the liquor I bolstered too freely a tricky but not necessarily diseased heart with. To the hospital in general I apologized with a flourish that almost bowled me over, adding however that I was not on particularly good terms with the rest of the Humbert clan. To myself I whispered that I still had my gun, and was still a free man - free to trace the fugitive, free to destroy my brother. (2.22)
In the Russian Lolita (1967), big Frank had been blown through a wall in Italy, during the last war:
За двадцать шагов, Франк казался румяным здоровяком; в пяти шагах, как сейчас, видно было, что он состоит из румяно-сизой мозаики шрамов: в Италии, во время последней войны, его так ахнуло, что он пролетел сквозь стену; однако, несмотря на неописуемые увечья, Франк способен был править колоссальным грузовиком, баловаться рыболовством, ходить на охоту, пьянствовать и неутомимо пользоваться придорожным бабьем. В этот день - по случаю ли большого праздника или просто из желания позабавить больного человека - он снял перчатку, которую обыкновенно носил на левой руке (эта рука сейчас прижата была к косяку) и являл завороженному страдальцу не только полное отсутствие безымянного пальца и мизинца, но также и голую девку, с киноварными сосками и кобальтовой ижицей, очаровательно вытатуированную на тыльной стороне его искалеченной руки: указательный палец и средний изображали ее ноги, а на кисть приходилась ее голова в венчике из цветов. Ах, просто прелесть... особенно, когда она, как сейчас, прислонялась к брусу, точно хитрая фея.
The first man who killed his brother was Cain (the first-born son of Adam and Eve). Steny Kainovy ("The Walls of Cain") is a poem by Vyacheslav Ivanov (a Russian Symbolist poet, philosopher, and critic, 1866-1949, who after 1924 lived in Italy and died in Rome on July 16, 1949) included in his collection Cor ardens (1911-1912):
И рече ему Господь Бог: не тако:
всяк убивый Каина, седмижды отмстится.
И положи Господь Бог знамение на Каине,
еже не убити его всякому обретающему его.
Вас Каин основал, общественные стены,
Где «не убий» блюдет убийца-судия!
Кровь Авеля размоет ваши плены,
О братстве к небу вопия.
Со Смертию в союз вступила ваша Власть,
Чтоб стать бессмертною. Глядите ж, люди-братья!
Вот на её челе печать её проклятья:
«Кто встал на Каина — убийцу, должен пасть».
In his poem, Vyacheslav Ivanov mentions krov' Avelya (Abel's blood) that will wash away the public walls. In his essay on Garshin in The Silhouettes of Russian Writers, the critic Yuli Ayhenvald (1872-1928) calls Vsevolod Garshin (a Russian writer and art critic, 1855-1888) "Avel' ubivayushchiy (Abel who kills):"
Человечество привыкло уже к тому, что брат убивает брата. Впервые это сделал Каин, и в кровавый след ему пошло его окаянное потомство. Но у Гаршина убивает Авель. Это гораздо трагичнее и сложнее; совесть, натолкнувшаяся на дело, сраженная им, должна испытывать здесь безмерные муки. Каин убил из корысти и зависти, он хотел убить — Авель был чист и кроток душою, и от души его были далеки убийственные помыслы и замыслы. И тем не менее Авель убил. Некогда хорошо был известен русской общественности этот тип — Авель убивающий. И вот, в гаршинских "Четырех днях" он лежит, глубоко несчастный Авель, на поле битвы, и его сознание, тонкое, сочувствующее, человечное, говорит ему, что он убил человека. Рядом с ним лежит его жертва — мертвый, окровавленный человек. И думает Авель: "Я не хотел этого. Я не хотел зла никому, когда шел драться. Мысль о том, что и мне придется убивать людей, как-то уходила от меня. Я представлял себе только, как я буду подставлять свою грудь под пули. И я пошел и подставил". И думает Авель: "Кто он? Быть может, и у него, как у меня, есть старая мать. Долго она будет по вечерам сидеть у дверей своей убогой мазанки да поглядывать на далекий север: не идет ли ее ненаглядный сын, ее работник и кормилец?.." Многие убивают, но редкие думают после этого. А здесь — какая дума! Дело уже совершилось. И сознание человека, до сих пор только думавшего, неспособного на дело-убийство и все же его совершившего, — это сознание проснулось после удручающего кошмара и еще напряженнее, чем раньше, продолжает свою молчаливую работу. Теперь оно предается томительному раздумию, тоске раскаяния. Под черным болгарским небом лежит убивший. Его гнетет медленность и страшная сознательность собственных ощущений. Его терзают боль и жажда, трепещет возбужденная мысль, и сильнее прежнего болит совесть. Для того, кто сделал, т. е. убил, мир меняется. То, что было недавно, кажется отдаленным в глубину времени; обессиленные, раненые ноги едва ползают, и сажени превращаются в версты. И рядом с убившим лежит убитый. Великое примирение скорби и смерти положило их рядом, но раньше между ними была бездна, и только теперь видно, как мнима и ничтожна была она, вырытая холодной ненавистью войны. Физическое соседство убитого с почти убитым убийцей, как некий символ, еще явственнее показывает Авелю, что и в нравственном отношении они были соседи и братья. Один уже умер, другой умрет — по крайней мере, другой в этом убежден, и он не надеется, что товарищи найдут его среди трупов на поле смерти и вернут к жизни. И мы, содрогаясь, воспринимаем ту поразительную ситуацию, которую набросал на этих страницах Гаршин: убитый феллах разлагается, "мириады червей падают из него", и убивший видит это и думает, что скоро настанет и его черед разложения, — так в одной картине сливаются для него и для нас страшное будущее и страшное настоящее.
Ayhenvald compares Garshin to the hero of his story Chetyre dnya ("Four Days," 1877). According to Humbert Humbert, it took him fifty-six days (eight weeks) to write Lolita:
This then is my story. I have reread it. It has bits of marrow sticking to it, and blood, and beautiful bright-green flies. At this or that twist of it I feel my slippery self eluding me, gliding into deeper and darker waters than I care to probe. I have camouflaged what I could so as not to hurt people. And I have toyed with many pseudonyms for myself before I hit on a particularly apt one. There are in my notes “Otto Otto” and “Mesmer Mesmer” and “Lambert Lambert,” but for some reason I think my choice expresses the nastiness best.
When I started, fifty-six days ago, to write Lolita, first in the psychopathic ward for observation, and then in this well-heated, albeit tombal, seclusion, I thought I would use these notes in toto at my trial, to save not my head, of course, but my soul. In mid-composition, however, I realized that I could not parade living Lolita. I still may use parts of this memoir in hermetic sessions, but publication is to be deferred.
For reasons that may appear more obvious than they really are, I am opposed to capital punishment; this attitude will be, I trust, shared by the sentencing judge. Had I come before myself, I would have given Humbert at least thirty-five years for rape, and dismissed the rest of the charges. But even so, Dolly Schiller will probably survive me by many years. The following decision I make with all the legal impact and support of a signed testament: I wish this memoir to be published only when Lolita is no longer alive.
Thus, neither of us is alive when the reader opens this book. But while the blood still throbs through my writing hand, you are still as much part of blessed matter as I am, and I can still talk to you from here to Alaska. Be true to your Dick. Do not let other fellows touch you. Do not talk to strangers. I hope you will love your baby. I hope it will be a boy. That husband of yours, I hope, will always treat you well, because otherwise my specter shall come at him, like black smoke, like a demented giant, and pull him apart nerve by nerve. And do not pity C. Q. One had to choose between him and H. H., and one wanted H. H. to exist at least a couple of months longer, so as to have him make you live in the minds of later generations. I am thinking of aurochs and angels, the secret of durable pigments, prophetic sonnets, the refuge of art. And this is the only immortality you and I may share, my Lolita. (2.36)
Humbert Humbert receives a letter from Lolita (now married to Richard F. Schiller) in New York on Sept. 22, 1952, visits her in Coalmont on the next day (Sept. 23), revisits Ramsdale (where he finds out Clare Quilty's address from his uncle Ivor, the dentist) on Sept. 24, and murders Quilty in Parkington on Sept. 25. According to John Ray, Jr. (the author of the foreword to Humbert Humbert's manuscript), Humbert Humbert had died in legal captivity, of coronary thrombosis, on November 16, 1952, a few days before his trial was scheduled to start. But only fifty-two days pass between Sept. 25 (the day of HH’s arrest) and Nov. 16 (the day of HH’s death). 52 + 4 = 56. Part One of Lolita contains 33 chpapters. 33 uroda ("33 Abominations," 1906) is a lesbian short novel (written in form of a diary) by Vyacheslav Ivanov's second wife Lydia Zinoviev-Annibal (1866-1907). In Part Two of Lolita, Humbert Humbert describes his life with Lolita at Beardsley (a small University town) and mentions his neighbors, Miss Lester and Miss Fabian (a lesbian couple). Biyanka Lester (as in the Russian Lolita Gumbert Gumbert calls Miss Lester) has the same first name Dr. Biyanka Schwarzmann (Blanch Shwarzmann's name in the Russian Lolita):
Около Рождества она сильно простудилась, и ее осмотрела одна из подруг Биянки Лестер, докторша Ильза Тристрамсон - (здравствуйте, Ильза, вы были очень милы, не выказали излишнего любопытства и трогали мою голубку так нежно). Докторша установила бронхит, потрепала Лолиту по голой спине (где пушок вдоль хребта дыбом стоял от жара) и уложила ее в постель на недельку или дольше. Сначала у нее была высокая температура, и я не мог отказаться от зноя нежданных наслаждений (Venus febriculosa!) но, по правде сказать, очень вялая девочка постанывала, и кашляла, и тряслась от озноба в моих настойчивых объятиях. А как только она поправилась, я устроил для нее Вечеринку с Мальчиками.
Around Christmas she caught a bad chill and was examined by a friend of Miss Lester, a Dr. Ilse Tristramson (hi, Ilse, you were a dear, uninquisitive soul, and you touched my dove very gently). She diagnosed bronchitis, patted Lo on the back (all its bloom erect because of the fever) and put her to bed for a week or longer. At first she “ran a temperature” in American parlance, and I could not resist the exquisite caloricity of unexpected delights - Venus febriculosa - though it was a very languid Lolita that moaned and coughed and shivered in my embrace. And as soon as she was well again, I threw a Party with Boys. (2.12)
Dr. Blanche Schwarzmann brings to mind Vera Shvarsalon (1889-1920), the stepdaughter and third wife of Vyacheslav Ivanov. The daughter of Lydia Zinoviev-Annibal, Vera Shvarsalon was secretly in love with Mikhail Kuzmin (a gay Russian poet, prose writer, and composer, 1872-1936) who at one time lived in Vyacheslav Ivanov's Bashnya (Tower) apartment. The author of Kryl'ya ("The Wings," 1906), a homoerotic short novel set in part in Italy, Kuzmin brings to mind Lager' Ku, or Kuvshinka (Camp Q in the Russian Lolita):
«Перелетим-ка в лагерь Ку», сказал спортсмен Гумберт, «но сперва — перерыв». И после перерыва я узнал все подробности.
“Let us switch to Camp Q,” I said. And presently I got the whole story. (1.32)
Pereletim-ka (a word used by Gumbert Gumbert in the Russian Lolita) literally means "let's fly over." A character in Kuzmin's Wings, Ugo Orsini (a composer and musician) makes one think of Gioachino Rossini (an Italian composer). Rossini was born on February 29, 1792 (like 1952, 1792 was a leap year), and died on November 13, 1868. November 13 is the birthday of R. L. Stevenson (a Scottish writer and poet, 1850-1894), the author of Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde (1886). Describing his quarrel with Lolita, Humbert Humbert compares himself to Mr. Hyde:
With people in movies I seem to share the services of the machina telephonica and its sudden god. This time it was an irate neighbor. The east window happened to be agape in the living room, with the blind mercifully down, however; and behind it the damp black night of a sour New England spring had been breathlessly listening to us. I had always thought that type of haddocky spinster with the obscene mind was the result of considerable literary inbreeding in modern fiction; but now I am convinced that prude and prurient Miss East – or to explode her incognito, Miss Finton Lebone – had been probably protruding three-quarter-way from her bedroom window as she strove to catch the gist of our quarrel.
“…This racket… lacks all sense of…” quacked the receiver, “we do not live in a tenement here. I must emphatically…”
I apologized for my daughter’s friends being so loud. Young people, you know - and cradled the next quack and a half.
Downstairs the screen door banged. Lo? Escaped?
Through the casement on the stairs I saw a small impetuous ghost slip through the shrubs; a silvery dot in the dark - hub of bicycle wheel - moved, shivered, and she was gone.
It so happened that the car was spending the night in a repair shop downtown. I had no other alternative than to pursue on foot the winged fugitive. Even now, after more than three years have heaved and elapsed, I cannot visualize that spring-night street, that already so leafy street, without a gasp of panic. Before their lighted porch Miss Lester was promenading Miss Fabian's dropsical dackel. Mr. Hyde almost knocked it over. Walk three steps and run three. A tepid rain started to drum on the chestnut leaves. At the next corner, pressing Lolita against an iron railing, a blurred youth held and kissed - no, not her, mistake. My talons still tingling, I flew on. (2.14)
Humbert Humbert and Lolita's landlord at Beardsley, Professor Chem (as Humbert Humbert calls him) brings to mind a chemical combination discovered by Dr Henry Jekyll that allows him to release an alternative personality, Mr Edward Hyde. Humbert Humbert and John Ray, Jr. seem to be one and the same person (John Ray, Jr. is, as it were, the Jekyll part of Humbert Humbert's personality). According to John Ray, Jr., Mrs. “Richard F. Schiller” (Lolita's married name) died in childbed, giving birth to a stillborn girl, on Christmas Day 1952, in Gray Star, a settlement in the remotest Northwest:
For the benefit of old-fashioned readers who wish to follow the destinies of “real” people beyond the “true” story, a few details may be given as received from Mr. “Windmuller,” of “Ramsdale,” who desires his identity suppressed so that “the long shadows of this sorry and sordid business” should not reach the community to which he is proud to belong. His daughter, “Louise,” is by now a college sophomore. “Mona Dahl” is a student in Paris. “Rita” has recently married the proprietor of a hotel in Florida. Mrs. “Richard F. Schiller” died in childbed, giving birth to a stillborn girl, on Christmas Day 1952, in Gray Star, a settlement in the remotest Northwest. ‘Vivian Darkbloom’ has written a biography, ‘My Cue,’ to be published shortly, and critics who have perused the manuscript call it her best book. The caretakers of the various cemeteries involved report that no ghosts walk.
But it seems that, actually, Lolita dies of ague in the Elphinstone hospital on July 4, 1949, and everything what happens after her sudden death (Lolita's escape from the hospital, Humbert's affair with Rita, Lolita's marriage and pregnancy, and the murder of Clare Quilty) was invented by Humbert Humbert (whose "real" name is John Ray, Jr.). The chief physician in the Elphinstone hospital, Dr. Blue brings to mind vecher siniy (the blue evening) mentioned by Pushkin in "The Fragments of Onegin's Journey" [XXVII]:
Но уж темнеет вечер синий,
Пора нам в оперу скорей:
Там упоительный Россини,
Европы баловень ― Орфей.
Не внемля критике суровой,
Он вечно тот же, вечно новый,
Он звуки льёт ― они кипят,
Они текут, они горят,
Как поцелуи молодые,
Все в неге, в пламени любви,
Как зашипевшего аи
Струя и брызги золотые...
Но, господа, позволено ль
С вином равнять dо-rе-mi-sоl?
But darker grows already the blue evening.
Time to the opera we sped:
there 'tis the ravishing Rossini,
the pet of Europe, Orpheus.
Not harking to harsh criticism,
he is ever selfsame, ever new;
he pours out melodies, they seethe,
they flow, they burn
like youthful kisses,
all sensuousness, in flames of love,
like, at the fuzzing point, Ay's
stream and gold spurtles...
but, gentlemen, is it permitted
to equalize do-re-mi-sol with wine?
Rossini's opera The Barber of Seville (1816) makes one think of a very old barber in Kasbeam who gives Humbert Humbert a very mediocre haircut:
That day or the next, after a tedious drive through a land of food crops, we reached a pleasant little burg and put up at Chestnut Court - nice cabins, damp green grounds, apple trees, an old swing - and a tremendous sunset which the tried child ignored. She had wanted to go through Kasbeam because it was only thirty miles north from her home town but on the following morning I found her quite listless, with no desire to see again the sidewalk where she had played hopscotch some five years before. For obvious reasons I had rather dreaded that side trip, even though we had agreed not to make ourselves conspicuous in any way - to remain in the car and not look up old friends. My relief at her abandoning the project was spoiled by the thought that had she felt I were totally against the nostalgic possibilities of Pisky, as I had been last year, she would not have given up so easily. On my mentioning this with a sigh, she sighed too and complained of being out of sorts. She wanted to remain in bed till teatime at least, with lots of magazines, and then if she felt better she suggested we just continue westward. I must say she was very sweet and languid, and craved for fresh fruits, and I decided to go and fetch her a toothsome picnic lunch in Kasbeam. Our cabin stood on the timbered crest of a hill, and from our window you could see the road winding down, and then running as straight as a hair parting between two rows of chestnut trees, towards the pretty town, which looked singularly distinct and toylike in the pure morning distance. One could make out an elf-like girl on an insect-like bicycle, and a dog, a bit too large proportionately, all as clear as those pilgrims and mules winding up wax-pale roads in old paintings with blue hills and red little people. I have the European urge to use my feet when a drive can be dispensed with, so I leisurely walked down, eventually meeting the cyclist - a plain plump girl with pigtails, followed by a huge St. Bernard dog with orbits like pansies. In Kasbeam a very old barber gave me a very mediocre haircut: he babbled of a baseball-playing son of his, and, at every explodent, spat into my neck, and every now and then wiped his glasses on my sheet-wrap, or interrupted his tremulous scissor work to produce faded newspaper clippings, and so inattentive was I that it came as a shock to realize as he pointed to an easeled photograph among the ancient gray lotions, that the mustached young ball player had been dead for the last thirty years. (2.16)
It seems that the old barber's son, a baseball player, was killed in World War One.