Vladimir Nabokov

Duke of Rahl in Pale Fire

By Alexey Sklyarenko, 24 October, 2020

A son of Colonel Peter Gusev (King Alfin’s ‘aerial adjutant’), Oleg Gusev (Prince Charles’ beloved playmate) is Duke of Rahl:

 

We shall now go back from mid-August 1958 to a certain afternoon in May three decades earlier when he was a dark strong lad of thirteen with a silver ring on the forefinger of his sun-tanned hand. Queen Blenda, his mother, had recently left for Vienna and Rome. He had several dear playmates but none could compete with Oleg, Duke of Rahl. In those days growing boys of high-born families wore on festive occasions--of which we had so many during our long northern spring--sleeveless jerseys, white anklesocks with black buckle shoes, and very tight, very short shorts called hotinguens. I wish I could provide the reader with cut-out figures and parts of attire as given in paper-doll charts for children armed with scissors. It would brighten a little these dark evenings that are destroying my brain. Both lads were handsome, long-legged specimens of Varangian boyhood. At twelve, Oleg was the best center forward at the Ducal School. When stripped and shiny in the mist of the bath house, his bold virilia contrasted harshly with his girlish grace. He was a regular faunlet. On that particular afternoon a copious shower lacquered the spring foliage of the palace garden, and oh, how the Persian lilacs in riotous bloom tumbled and tossed behind the green-streaming, amethyst-blotched windowpanes! One would have to play indoors. Oleg was late. Would he come at all? (note to Line 130)

 

A painter who was born in Vienna, Carl Rahl (1812-65) is the author of Die Auffindung von Manfreds Leiche (1836) and Manfreds Einzug in Luceria (1846). In his dramatic poem Manfred (1816-17) Byron calls Mont Blanc “the monarch of mountains:”

 

Mont Blanc is the monarch of mountains;
They crown'd him long ago. (Act One, scene 1)

 

In Canto Three of his poem John Shade (the poet in VN’s novel Pale Fire, 1962) describes his visit to Mrs. Z. who mentioned Shade’s poem about Mon Blon:

 

"I can't believe," she said, "that it is you!
I loved your poem in the Blue Review.
That one about Mon Blon. I have a niece
Who's climbed the Matterhorn. The other piece
I could not understand. I mean the sense.
Because, of course, the sound--But I'm so dense!" (ll. 781-786)

 

In his Commentary Kinbote (Shade’s mad commentator who imagines that he is Charles the Beloved, the last self-exiled king of Zembla) writes:

 

An image of Mont Blanc's "blue-shaded buttresses and sun-creamed domes" is fleetingly glimpsed through the cloud of that particular poem which I wish I could quote but do not have at hand. The "white mountain" of the lady's dream, caused by a misprint to tally with Shade's "white fountain," makes a thematic appearance here, blurred as it were by the lady's grotesque pronunciation. (note to Line 782)

 

In Chekhov’s story Ogni (“Lights,” 1888) Ananiev compares the dump to Mont Blanc:

 

— Экая благодать, господи! — вздохнул Ананьев. — Столько простора и красоты, что хоть отбавляй! А какова насыпь-то! Это, батенька, не насыпь, а целый Монблан! Миллионы стоит...

Восхищаясь огнями и насыпью, которая стоит миллионы, охмелевший от вина и сантиментально настроенный инженер похлопал по плечу студента фон Штенберга и продолжал в шутливом тоне:

— Что, Михайло Михайлыч, призадумались? Небось, приятно поглядеть на дела рук своих? В прошлом году на этом самом месте была голая степь, человечьим духом не пахло, а теперь поглядите: жизнь, цивилизация! И как всё это хорошо, ей-богу! Мы с вами железную дорогу строим, а после нас, этак лет через сто или двести, добрые люди настроят здесь фабрик, школ, больниц и — закипит машина! А?

Студент стоял неподвижно, засунув руки в карманы, и не отрывал глаз от огней. Он не слушал инженера, о чем-то думал и, по-видимому, переживал то настроение, когда не хочется ни говорить, ни слушать. После долгого молчания он обернулся ко мне и сказал тихо:

— Знаете, на что похожи эти бесконечные огни? Они вызывают во мне представление о чем-то давно умершем, жившем тысячи лет тому назад, о чем-то вроде лагеря амалекитян или филистимлян. Точно какой-то ветхозаветный народ расположился станом и ждет утра, чтобы подраться с Саулом или Давидом. Для полноты иллюзии не хватает только трубных звуков, да чтобы на каком-нибудь эфиопском языке перекликивались часовые.

— Пожалуй... — согласился инженер.

 

"How glorious, O Lord!" sighed Ananyev; "such space and beauty that one can't tear oneself away! And what a dump! It's not a dump, my dear fellow, but a regular Mont Blanc. It's costing millions. . . ."

Going into ecstasies over the lights and the embankment that was costing millions, intoxicated by the wine and his sentimental mood, the engineer slapped von Schtenberg on the shoulder and went on in a jocose tone:

"Well, Mikhail Mikhailych, lost in reveries? No doubt it is pleasant to look at the work of one's own hands, eh? Last year this very spot was bare steppe, not a sight of human life, and now look: life . . . civilisation. . . And how splendid it all is, upon my soul! You and I are building a railway, and after we are gone, in another century or two, good men will build a factory, a school, a hospital, and things will begin to move! Eh!"

The student stood motionless with his hands thrust in his pockets, and did not take his eyes off the lights. He was not listening to the engineer, but was thinking, and was apparently in the mood in which one does not want to speak or to listen. After a prolonged silence he turned to me and said quietly:

"Do you know what those endless lights are like? They make me think of something long dead, that lived thousands of years ago, something like the camps of the Amalekites or the Philistines. It is as though some people of the Old Testament had pitched their camp and were waiting for morning to fight with Saul or David. All that is wanting to complete the illusion is the blare of trumpets and sentries calling to one another in some Ethiopian language."

 

Gusev (1890) is a story by Chekhov. In Chekhov's play Dyadya Vanya ("Uncle Vanya," 1898) Uncle Vanya mentions fontan (fountain):

 

Телегин (плачущим голосом). Ваня, я не люблю, когда ты это говоришь. Ну, вот, право... Кто изменяет жене или мужу, тот, значит, неверный человек, тот может изменить и отечеству!

Войницкий (с досадой). Заткни фонтан, Вафля!

 

TELEGIN  (In a tearful voice.) Vanya, I don’t like it when you talk like that. Well, look, really... Anyone who betrays either a wife or husband, that person is untrustworthy and could easily betray their country!

UNCLE VANYA  (irritated.) Oh do dry up Waffle! (Act One)

 

In Chekhov's story Dushechka ("The Darling," 1899) the heroine receives a telegram with two funny misprints telling her about the death of her husband:

 

Оленька и раньше получала телеграммы от мужа, но теперь почему-то так и обомлела. Дрожащими руками она распечатала телеграмму и прочла следующее:
"Иван Петрович скончался сегодня скоропостижно сючала ждем распоряжений хохороны вторник".
Так и было напечатано в телеграмме "хохороны" и какое-то ещё непонятное слово "сючала"; подпись была режиссёра опереточной труппы.

 

Olenka had received telegrams from her husband before, but this time for some reason she felt numb with terror. With shaking hands she opened the telegram and read as follows:
"IVAN PETROVITCH DIED SUDDENLY TO-DAY. AWAITING IMMATE INSTRUCTIONS FUFUNERAL TUESDAY."
That was how it was written in the telegram -- "fufuneral," and the utterly incomprehensible word "immate." It was signed by the stage manager of the operatic company.

 

Olenka is a diminutive of Olga (the name of Chekhov's wife, Olga Knipper-Chekhov). According to Kinbote, in a conversation with him Shade listed Chekhov among Russian humorists:

 

Speaking of the Head of the bloated Russian Department, Prof. Pnin, a regular martinet in regard to his underlings (happily, Prof. Botkin, who taught in another department, was not subordinated to that grotesque "perfectionist"): "How odd that Russian intellectuals should lack all sense of humor when they have such marvelous humorists as Gogol, Dostoevski, Chekhov, Zoshchenko, and those joint authors of genius Ilf and Petrov." (note to Line 172)