In his Foreword to Humbert Humbert's manuscript John Ray, Jr. (a character in VN's novel Lolita, 1955) mentions his reading lamp:
“Lolita, or the Confession of a White Widowed Male,” such were the two titles under which the writer of the present note received the strange pages it preambulates. “Humbert Humbert,” their author, had died in legal captivity, of coronary thrombosis, on November 16, 1952, a few days before his trial was scheduled to start. His lawyer, my good friend and relation, Clarence Choate Clark, Esq., now of he District of Columbia bar, in asking me to edit the manuscript, based his request on a clause in his client’s will which empowered my eminent cousin to use the discretion in all matters pertaining to the preparation of “Lolita” for print. Mr. Clark’s decision may have been influenced by the fact that the editor of his choice had just been awarded the Poling Prize for a modest work (“Do the Senses make Sense?”) wherein certain morbid states and perversions had been discussed.
My task proved simpler than either of us had anticipated. Save for the correction of obvious solecisms and a careful suppression of a few tenacious details that despite “H. H.”‘s own efforts still subsisted in his text as signposts and tombstones (indicative of places or persons that taste would conceal and compassion spare), this remarkable memoir is presented intact. Its author’s bizarre cognomen is his own invention; and, of course, this maskthrough which two hypnotic eyes seem to glowhad to remain unlifted in accordance with its wearer’s wish. While “Haze” only rhymes with the heroine’s real surname, her first name is too closely interwound with the inmost fiber of the book to allow one to alter it; nor (as the reader will perceive for himself) is there any practical necessity to do so. References to “H. H.”‘s crime may be looked up by the inquisitive in the daily papers for September-October 1952; its cause and purpose would have continued to remain a complete mystery, had not this memoir been permitted to come under my reading lamp.
For the benefit of old-fashioned readers who wish to follow the destinies of the “real” people beyond the “true” story, a few details may be given as received from Mr. “Windmuller,” or “Ramsdale,” who desires his identity suppressed so that “the long shadow of this sorry and sordid business” should not reach the community to which he is proud to belong. His daughter, “Louise,” is by now a college sophomore, “Mona Dahl” is a student in Paris. “Rita” has recently married the proprietor of a hotel in Florida. Mrs. “Richard F. Schiller” died in childbed, giving birth to a stillborn girl, on Christmas Day 1952, in Gray Star, a settlement in the remotest Northwest. “Vivian Darkbloom” has written a biography, “My Cue,” to be publshed shortly, and critics who have perused the manuscript call it her best book. The caretakers of the various cemeteries involved report that no ghosts walk.
In VN's novel Dar ("The Gift," 1937) Fyodor Konstantinovich Godunov-Cherdyntsev (the narrator and main character) compares Fyodor Dostoevski (a Russian writer, 1821-1881) to a room in which a lamp burns during the day:
Фёдор Константинович собрался было восвояси, когда его сзади окликнул шепелявый голос: он принадлежал Ширину, автору романа "Седина" (с эпиграфом из книги Иова), очень сочувственно встреченного эмигрантской критикой. ("Господи, отче -- --? По Бродвею, в лихорадочном шорохе долларов, гетеры и дельцы в гетрах, дерясь, падая, задыхаясь, бежали за золотым тельцом, который, шуршащими боками протискиваясь между небоскребами, обращал к электрическому небу изможденный лик свой и выл. В Париже, в низкопробном притоне, старик Лашез, бывший пионер авиации, а ныне дряхлый бродяга, топтал сапогами старуху-проститутку Буль-де-Сюиф. Господи отчего -- --? Из московского подвала вышел палач и, присев у конуры, стал тюлюкать мохнатого щенка: Махонький, приговаривал он, махонький... В Лондоне лорды и лэди танцевали джими и распивали коктейль, изредка посматривая на эстраду, где на исходе восемнадцатого ринга огромный негр кнок-оутом уложил на ковер своего белокурого противника. В арктических снегах, на пустом ящике из-под мыла, сидел путешественник Эриксен и мрачно думал: Полюс или не полюс?.. Иван Червяков бережно обстригал бахрому единственных брюк. Господи, отчего Вы дозволяете все это?"). Сам Ширин был плотный, коренастый человек, с рыжеватым бобриком, всегда плохо выбритый, в больших очках, за которыми, как в двух аквариумах, плавали два маленьких, прозрачных глаза, совершенно равнодушных к зрительным впечатлениям. Он был слеп как Мильтон, глух как Бетховен, и глуп как бетон. Святая ненаблюдательность (а отсюда – полная неосведомленность об окружающем мире -- и полная неспособность что-либо именовать) -- свойство, почему-то довольно часто встречающееся у русского литератора-середняка, словно тут действует некий благотворный рок, отказывающий безталанному в благодати чувственного познания, дабы он зря не изгадил материала. Бывает, конечно, что в таком темном человеке играет какой-то собственный фонарик, -- не говоря о том, что известны случаи, когда по прихоти находчивой природы, любящей неожиданные приспособления и подмены, такой внутренний свет поразительно ярок -- на зависть любому краснощекому таланту. Но даже Достоевский всегда как-то напоминает комнату, в которой днём горит лампа.
Fyodor was about to walk home when a lisping voice called him from behind: it belonged to Shirin, author of the novel The Hoary Abyss (with an Epigraph from the Book of Job) which had been received very sympathetically by the émigré critics. (“Oh Lord, our Father! Down Broadway in a feverish rustle of dollars, hetaeras and businessmen in spats, shoving, falling and out of breath, were running after the golden calf, which pushed its way, rubbing against walls between the skyscrapers, then turned its emaciated face to the electric sky and howled. In Paris, in a low-class dive, the old man Lachaise, who had once been an aviation pioneer but was now a decrepit vagabond, trampled under his boots an ancient prostitute, Boule de Suif. Oh Lord, why—? Out of a Moscow basement a killer came out, squatted by a kennel and began to coax a shaggy pup: little one, he repeated, little one… In London, lords and ladies danced the Jimmie and imbibed cocktails, glancing from time to time at a platform where at the end of the eighteenth ring a huge Negro had laid his fair-haired opponent on the carpet with a knockout. Amid arctic snows the explorer Ericson sat on an empty soapbox and thought gloomily: The pole or not the pole?… Ivan Chervyakov carefully trimmed the fringe of his only pair of pants. Oh Lord, why dost Thou permit all this?”) Shirin himself was a thickset man with a reddish crew cut, always badly shaved and wearing large spectacles behind which, as in two aquariums, swam two tiny, transparent eyes—which were completely impervious to visual impressions. He was blind like Milton, deaf like Beethoven, and a blockhead to boot. A blissful incapacity for observation (and hence complete uninformedness about the surrounding world—and a complete inability to put a name to anything) is a quality quite frequently met with among the average Russian literati, as if a beneficent fate were at work refusing the blessing of sensory cognition to the untalented so that they will not wantonly mess up the material. It happens, of course, that such a benighted person has some little lamp of his own glimmering inside him—not to speak of those known instances in which, through the caprice of resourceful nature that loves startling adjustments and substitutions, such an inner light is astonishingly bright—enough to make the envy of the ruddiest talent. But even Dostoevski always brings to mind somehow a room in which a lamp burns during the day. (Chapter Five)
Appended to Ray Zemnoy ili Son v zimnyuyu noch' ("The Earthly Paradise, or a Midwinter Night's Dream," 1903), an utopian novel by Konstantin Merezhkovski (a Russian biologist who loved little girls, 1855-1921) set in the 27th century on a Polynesian island, is "The Legend of the Grand Inquisitor" (a philosophical story within a story from The Brothers Karamazov, Dostoevski's last novel, 1880). In his essay Montan' ("Montaigne," 1893) Dmitri Merezhkovski (Konstantin's younger brother, 1865-1941, the writer, author of Tolstoy and Dostoevski, 1902) mentions Montaigne's motto Que sais-je? (What do I know?):
Мы уже видели отчасти логическое основание его скептицизма. Он отлично понимал чисто словесное значение физических споров. "Наши вопросы, -- говорит Монтань, -- состоят из пустых слов, и ответы на них такие же. Положим, вы утверждаете, что камень -- тело; но тот, кто стал бы продолжать вопросы: "А тело что такое?" -- "Субстанция". -- "А что такое субстанция?" -- довел бы вас, наконец, до невозможности отвечать. Одно слово меняется на другое, притом часто на еще более непонятное: я лучше знаю, что такое человек, чем что такое животное, смертный или разумный. Желая уничтожить одно сомнение, производят три новых -- это напоминает голову лернейской гидры". "Нет ничего постоянного, твердого, -- восклицает он в другом месте, -- ни в природе, ни в нас; и мы сами, и все наши суждения, и все конечные предметы текут, катятся безостановочно; не может быть никакого неизменного, устойчивого отношения между нашею мыслью и внешним миром, так как и наблюдатель, и наблюдаемое находятся в беспрерывном изменении и колебании". Que sais-je? -- вопрос, бывший девизом Монтаня, в двух словах отлично формулирует его скептическое настроение.
During her second road trip with Humbert across the USA, Lolita falls ill and on Tuesday, June 28, 1949, is hospitalized in Elphinstone (a small town in the Rocky Mountains). Describing the Elphinstone hospital and its staff, Humbert mentions the jagged silvery ramparts of the haute montagne where at the moment Mary Lore’s father, lonely Joseph Lore, was dreaming of Oloron, Lagore, Rolas - que sais-je! - or seducing a ewe:
Mrs. Hays, the brisk, briskly rouged, blue-eyed widow who ran the motor court, asked me if I were Swiss perchance, because her sister had married a Swiss ski instructor. I was, whereas my daughter happened to be half Irish. I registered, Hays gave me the key and a tinkling smile, and, still twinkling, showed me where to park the car; Lo crawled out and shivered a little: the luminous evening air was decidedly crisp. Upon entering the cabin, she sat down on a chair at a card table, buried her face in the crook of her arm and said she felt awful. Shamming, I thought, shamming, no doubt, to evade my caresses; I was passionately parched; but she began to whimper in an unusually dreary way when I attempted to fondle her. Lolita ill. Lolita dying. Her skin was scalding hot! I took her temperature, orally, then looked up a scribbled formula I fortunately had in a jotter and after laboriously reducing the, meaningless to me, degrees Fahrenheit to the intimate centigrade of my childhood, found she had 40.4, which at least made sense. Hysterical little nymphs might, I knew, run up all kinds of temperature - even exceeding a fatal count. And I would have given her a sip of hot spiced wine, and two aspirins, and kissed the fever away, if, upon an examination of her lovely uvula, one of the gems of her body, I had not seen that it was a burning red. I undressed her. Her breath was bittersweet. Her brown rose tasted of blood. She was shaking from head to toe. She complained of a painful stiffness in the upper vertebrae - and I thought of poliomyelitis as any American parent would. Giving up all hope of intercourse, I wrapped her in a laprobe and carried her into the car. Kind Mrs. Hays in the meantime had alerted the local doctor. “You are lucky it happened here,” she said; for not only was Blue the best man in the district, but the Elphinstone hospital was as modern as modern could be, despite its limited capacity. With a heterosexual Erlkönig in pursuit, thither I drove, half-blinded by a royal sunset on the lowland side and guided by a little old woman, a portable witch, perhaps his daughter, whom Mrs. Hays had lent me, and whom I was never to see again. Dr. Blue, whose learning, no doubt, was infinitely inferior to his reputation, assured me it was a virus infection, and when I alluded to her comparatively recent flu, curtly said this was another bug, he had forty such cases on his hands; all of which sounded like the “ague” of the ancients. I wondered if I should mention, with a casual chuckle, that my fifteen-year-old daughter had had a minor accident while climbing an awkward fence with her boy friend, but knowing I was drunk, I decided to withhold the information till later if necessary. To an unsmiling blond bitch of a secretary I gave my daughter’s age as “practically sixteen.” While I was not looking, my child was taken away from me! In vain I insisted I be allowed to spend the night on a “welcome” mat in a corner of their damned hospital. I ran up constructivistic flights of stairs, I tried to trace my darling so as to tell her she had better not babble, especially if she felt as lightheaded as we all did. At one point, I was rather dreadfully rude to a very young and very cheeky nurse with overdeveloped gluteal parts and blazing black eyes - of Basque descent, as I learned. Her father was an imported shepherd, a trainer of sheep dogs. Finally, I returned to the car and remained in it for I do not know how many hours, hunched up in the dark, stunned by my new solitude, looking out open-mouthed now at the dimly illumined, very square and low hospital building squatting in the middle of its lawny block, now up at the wash of stars and the jagged silvery ramparts of the haute montagne where at the moment Mary’s father, lonely Joseph Lore, was dreaming of Oloron, Lagore, Rolas - que sais-je! - or seducing a ewe. Such-like fragrant vagabond thoughts have been always a solace to me in times of unusual stress, and only when, despite liberal libations, I felt fairly numbed by the endless night, did I think of driving back to the motel. The old woman had disappeared, and I was not quite sure of my way. Wide gravel roads criss-crossed drowsy rectangual shadows. I made out what looked like the silhouette of gallows on what was probably a school playground; and in another waste - like black there rose in domed silence the pale temple of some local sect. I found the highway at last, and then the motel, where millions of so-called “millers,” a kind of insect, were swarming around the neon contours of “No Vacancy”; and, when, at 3 a. m., after one of those untimely hot showers which like some mordant only help to fix a man’s despair and weariness, I lay on her bed that smelled of chestnuts and roses, and peppermint, and the very delicate, very special French perfume I latterly allowed her to use, I found myself unable to assimilate the simple fact that for the first time in two years I was separated from my Lolita. All at once it occurred to me that her illness was somehow the development of a theme - that it had the same taste and tone as the series of linked impressions which had puzzled and tormented me during our journey; I imagined that secret agent, or secret lover, or prankster, or hallucination, or whatever he was, prowling around the hospital - and Aurora had hardly “warmed her hands,” as the pickers of lavender say in the country of my birth, when I found myself trying to get into that dungeon again, knocking upon its green doors, breakfastless, stool-less, in despair.
This was Tuesday, and Wednesday or Thursday, splendidly reacting like the darling she was to some “serum” (sparrow’s sperm or dugong’s dung), she was much better, and the doctor said that in a couple of days she would be “skipping” again. (2.22)
The chief physician in the Elphinstone hospital, Dr. Blue brings to mind Nikolay Leskov's Latin feeling for blueness (lividus) mentioned by Fyodor in his first imaginary dialogue with Koncheyev (in The Gift, Fyodor's rival poet):
«…Но постойте, постойте, я вас провожу. Вы, поди, полунощник, и не мне, стать, учить вас черному очарованию каменных прогулок. Так вы не слушали бедного чтеца?»
«Вначале только — и то вполуха. Однако я вовсе не думаю, что это было так уж скверно».
«Вы рассматривали персидские миниатюры. Не заметили ли вы там одной — разительное сходство! — из коллекции петербургской публичной библиотеки — ее писал, кажется, Riza Abbasi, лет триста тому назад: на коленях, в борьбе с драконятами, носатый, усатый… Сталин».
«Да, это, кажется, самый крепкий. Кстати, мне сегодня попалось в “Газете”, — не знаю уж, чей грех: “На Тебе, Боже, что мне негоже”. Я в этом усматриваю обожествление калик».
«Или память о Каиновых жертвоприношениях».
«Сойдемся на плутнях звательного падежа, — и поговорим лучше “о Шиллере, о подвигах, о славе”, — если позволите маленькую амальгаму. Итак, я читал сборник ваших очень замечательных стихов. Собственно, это только модели ваших же будущих романов».
«Да, я мечтаю когда-нибудь произвести такую прозу, где бы “мысль и музыка сошлись, как во сне складки жизни”».
«Благодарю за учтивую цитату. Вы как — по-настоящему любите литературу?»
«Полагаю, что да. Видите ли, по-моему, есть только два рода книг: настольный и подстольный. Либо я люблю писателя истово, либо выбрасываю его целиком».
«Э, да вы строги. Не опасно ли это? Не забудьте, что как-никак вся русская литература, литература одного века, занимает — после самого снисходительного отбора — не более трех — трех с половиной тысяч печатных листов, а из этого числа едва ли половина достойна не только полки, но и стола. При такой количественной скудости, нужно мириться с тем, что наш пегас пег, что не все в дурном писателе дурно, а в добром не все добро».
«Дайте мне, пожалуй, примеры, чтобы я мог опровергнуть их».
«Извольте: если раскрыть Гончарова или…»
«Стойте! Неужто вы желаете помянуть добрым словом Обломова? “Россию погубили два Ильича”, — так, что ли? Или вы собираетесь поговорить о безобразной гигиене тогдашних любовных падений? Кринолин и сырая скамья? Или может быть — стиль? Помните, как у Райского в минуты задумчивости переливается в губах розовая влага? — точно так же, скажем, как герои Писемского в минуту сильного душевного волнения рукой растирают себе грудь»?
"Тут я вас уловлю. Разве вы не читали у того же Писемского, как лакеи в передней во время бала перекидываются страшно грязным, истоптанным плисовым женским сапогом? Ага! Вообще, коли уж мы попали в этот второй ряд - - Что вы скажете, например, о Лескове?"
"Да что ж: У него в слоге попадаются забавные англицизмы, вроде "это была дурная вещь" вместо "плохо дело". Но всякие там нарочитые "аболоны": - нет, увольте, мне не смешно. А многословие: матушки! "Соборян" без урона можно было бы сократить до двух газетных подвалов. И я не знаю, что хуже - его добродетельные британцы или добродетельные попы".
"Ну, а всё-таки. Галилейский призрак, прохладный и тихий, в длинной одежде цвета зреющей сливы? Или пасть пса с синеватым, точно напомаженным, зевом? Или молния, ночью освещающая подробно комнату, - вплоть до магнезии, осевшей на серебряной ложке?"
"Отмечаю, что у него латинское чувство синевы: lividus. Лев Толстой, тот, был больше насчет лиловаго, - и какое блаженство пройтись с грачами по пашне босиком! Я, конечно, не должен был их покупать".
"Вы правы, жмут нестерпимо. Но мы перешли в первый ряд. Разве там вы не найдете слабостей? "Русалка" - - "
"Не трогайте Пушкина: это золотой фонд нашей литературы. А вон там, в Чеховской корзине, провиант на много лет вперед, да щенок, который делает "уюм, уюм, уюм", да бутылка крымского".
«Погодите, вернемся к дедам. Гоголь? Я думаю, что мы весь состав его пропустим. Тургенев? Достоевский?»
«Обратное превращение Бедлама в Вифлеем, — вот вам Достоевский. “Оговорюсь”, как выражается Мортус. В Карамазовых есть круглый след от мокрой рюмки на садовом столе, это сохранить стоит, — если принять ваш подход».
«Так неужели ж у Тургенева все благополучно? Вспомните эти дурацкие тэтатэты в акатниках? Рычание и трепет Базарова? Его совершенно неубедительная возня с лягушками? И вообще — не знаю, переносите ли вы особую интонацию тургеневского многоточия и жеманное окончание глав? Или все простим ему за серый отлив черных шелков, за русачью полежку иной его фразы?»
«Мой отец находил вопиющие ошибки в его и толстовских описаниях природы, и уж про Аксакова нечего говорить, — добавлял он, — это стыд и срам».
«Быть может, если мертвые тела убраны, мы примемся за поэтов? Как вы думаете? Кстати, о мертвых телах. Вам никогда не приходило в голову, что лермонтовский “знакомый труп” — это безумно смешно, ибо он, собственно, хотел сказать “труп знакомого”, — иначе ведь непонятно: знакомство посмертное контекстом не оправдано».
«У меня все больше Тютчев последнее время ночует».
«Славный постоялец. А как вы насчет ямба Некрасова — нету на него позыва?»
«Как же. Давайте-ка мне это рыданьице в голосе: загородись двойною рамою, напрасно горниц не студи, простись с надеждою упрямою и на дорогу не гляди. Кажется, дактилическую рифму я сам ему выпел, от избытка чувств, — как есть особый растяжной перебор у гитаристов. Этого Фет лишен».
«Чувствую, что тайная слабость Фета — рассудочность и подчеркивание антитез — от вас не скрылась?»
«Наши общественно настроенные олухи понимали его иначе. Нет, я все ему прощаю за прозвенело в померкшем лугу, за росу счастья, за дышащую бабочку».
«Переходим в следующий век: осторожно, ступенька. Мы с вами начали бредить стихами рано, не правда ли? Напомните мне, как это все было? “Как дышат края облаков”… Боже мой!»
«Или освещенные с другого бока “Облака небывалой услады”. О, тут разборчивость была бы преступлением. Мое тогдашнее сознание воспринимало восхищенно, благодарно, полностью, без критических затей, всех пятерых, начинающихся на “Б”, — пять чувств новой русской поэзии».
«Интересно, которому именно вы отводите вкус. Да-да, я знаю, есть афоризмы, которые, как самолеты, держатся, только пока находятся в движении. Но мы говорили о заре… С чего у вас началось?»
«С прозрения азбуки. Простите, это звучит изломом, но дело в том, что у меня с детства в сильнейшей и подробнейшей степени audition colorée».
«Так что вы могли бы тоже —»
«Да, но с оттенками, которые ему не снились, — и не сонет, а толстый том. К примеру: различные, многочисленные “а” на тех четырех языках, которыми владею, вижу едва ли не в стольких же тонах — от лаково-черных до занозисто серых, — сколько представляю себе сортов поделочного дерева. Рекомендую вам мое розовое фланелевое “м”. Не знаю, обращали ли вы когда-либо внимание на вату, которую изымали из майковских рам? Такова буква “ы”, столь грязная, что словам стыдно начинаться с нее.
Если бы у меня были под рукой краски, я бы вам так смешал sienne brûlée и сепию, что получился бы цвет гуттаперчевого “ч”; и вы бы оценили мое сияющее “с”, если я мог бы вам насыпать в горсть тех светлых сапфиров, которые я ребенком трогал, дрожа и не понимая, когда моя мать, в бальном платье, плача навзрыд, переливала свои совершенно небесные драгоценности из бездны в ладонь, из шкатулок на бархат, и вдруг все запирала, и никуда не ехала, несмотря на бешеные уговоры ее брата, который шагал по комнатам, давая щелчки мебели и пожимая эполетами, и если отодвинуть в боковом окне фонаря штору, можно было видеть вдоль набережных фасадов в синей черноте ночи изумительно неподвижные, грозно алмазные вензеля, цветные венцы…»
«Buchstaben von Feuer, одним словом… Да, я уже знаю наперед. Хотите я вам доскажу эту банальную и щемящую душу повесть? Как вы упивались первыми попавшимися стихами. Как в десять лет писали драмы, а в пятнадцать элегии, — и все о закатах, закатах… И медленно пройдя меж пьяными… Кстати, кто она была такая?»
«Молодая замужняя женщина. Продолжалось неполных два года, до бегства из России. Она была так хороша, так мила — знаете, большие глаза и немного костлявые руки, — что я как-то до сих пор остался ей верен. От стихов она требовала только ямщикнегонилошадейности, обожала играть в покер, а погибла от сыпного тифа — Бог знает где, Бог знает как…»
«А теперь что будет? Стоит, по-вашему, продолжать?»
«Еще бы! До самого конца. Вот и сейчас я счастлив, несмотря на позорную боль в ногах. Признаться, у меня опять началось это движение, волнение… Я опять буду всю ночь…»
«Покажите. Посмотрим, как это получается: вот этим с черного парома сквозь (вечно?) тихо падающий снег (во тьме в незамерзающую воду отвесно падающий снег) (в обычную?) летейскую погоду вот этим я ступлю на брег. Не разбазарьте только волнения».
«Ничего… И вот посудите, как же тут не быть счастливым, когда лоб горит…»
«…как от излишка уксуса в винегрете. Знаете, о чем я сейчас подумал: ведь река-то, собственно, — Стикс. Ну да ладно. Дальше. И к пристающему парому сук тянется, и медленным багром (Харон) паромщик тянется к суку сырому (кривому)…»
«…и медленно вращается паром. Домой, домой. Мне нынче хочется сочинять с пером в пальцах. Какая луна, как черно пахнет листьями и землей из-за этих решеток».
«Да, жалко, что никто не подслушал блестящей беседы, которую мне хотелось бы с вами вести».
«Ничего, не пропадет. Я даже рад, что так вышло. Кому какое дело, что мы расстались на первом же углу и что я веду сам с собою вымышленный диалог по самоучителю вдохновения».
“Wait, wait a minute though—I’ll see you home. Surely you’re a night owl like me and I don’t have to expound to you on the black enchantment of stone promenades. So you didn’t listen to our poor lecturer?”
“Only at the beginning, and then only with half an ear. However, I don’t think it was quite as bad as that.”
“You were examining Persian miniatures in a book. Did you not notice one—an amazing resemblance!—from the collection of the St. Petersburg Public Library—done, I think, by Riza Abbasi, say about three hundred years ago: that man kneeling, struggling with baby dragons, big-nosed, mustachioed—Stalin!”
“Yes, I think that one is the strongest of the lot. By the way, I’ve read your very remarkable collection of poems. Actually, of course, they are but the models of your future novels.”
“Yes, some day I’m going to produce prose in which ‘thought and music are conjoined as are the folds of life in sleep.’ “
“Thanks for the courteous quotation. You have a genuine love of literature, don’t you?”
“I believe so. You see, the way I look at it, there are only two kinds of books: bedside and wastebasket. Either I love a writer fervently, or throw him out entirely.”
“A bit severe, isn’t it? And a bit dangerous. Don’t forget that the whole of Russian literature is the literature of one century and, after the most lenient eliminations, takes up no more than three to three and a half thousand printed sheets, and scarcely one-half of this is worthy of the bookshelf, to say nothing of the bedside table. With such quantitative scantiness we must resign ourselves to the fact that our Pegasus is piebald, that not everything about a bad writer is bad, and not all about a good one good.”
“Perhaps you will give me some examples so that I can refute them.”
“Certainly: if you open Goncharov or—”
“Stop right there! Don’t tell me you have a kind word for Oblomov—that first ‘Ilyich’ who was the ruin of Russia—and the joy of social critics? Or you want to discuss the miserable hygienic conditions of Victorian seductions? Crinoline and damp garden bench? Or perhaps the style? What about his ‘Precipice’ where Rayski at moments of pensiveness is shown with ‘rosy moisture shimmering between his lips’?—which reminds me somehow of Pisemski’s protagonists, each of whom under the stress of violent emotion ‘massages his chest with his hand!’ ”
"Here I shall trap you. Aren't there some good things in the same Pisemski? For example, those footmen in the vestibule, during a ball, who play catch with a lady's velveteen boot, horribly muddy and worn. Aha! And since we are speaking of second-rank authors, what do you think of Leskov?"
"Well, let me see: Amusing Anglicisms crop up in his style, such as 'eto byla durnaya veshch' [this was a bad thing] instead of simply 'plokho delo.' As to his contrived punning distortions - No, spare me, I don't find them funny. And his verbosity - Good God! His 'Soboryane' could easily be condensed to two newspaper feuilletons. And I don't know which is worse - his virtuous Britishers or his virtuous clerics."
"And yet: how about his image of Jesus 'the ghostly Galilean, cool and gentle, in a robe the color of ripening plum'? Or his description of a yawning dog's mouth with 'its bluish palate as if smeared with pomade'? Or that lightning of his that at night illumines the room in detail, even to the magnesium oxide left on a silver spoon?"
"Yes, I grant you he has a Latin feeling for blueness: lividus. Lyov Tolstoy, on the other hand, preferred violet shades and the bliss of stepping barefoot with the rooks upon the rich dark soil of plowed fields! Of course, I should never have bought them.”
“You’re right, they pinch unbearably. But we have moved up to the first rank. Don’t tell me you can’t find weak spots there too? In such stories as ‘The Blizzard’—
“Leave Pushkin alone: he is the gold reserve of our literature. And over there is Chekhov’s hamper, which contains enough food for years to come, and a whimpering puppy, and a bottle of Crimean wine.”
“Wait, let’s go back to the forebears. Gogol? I think we can accept his ‘entire organism.’ Turgenev? Dostoevski?”
“Bedlam turned back into Bethlehem—that’s Dostoevski for you. ‘With one reservation,’ as our friend Mortus says. In the ‘Karamazovs’ there is somewhere a circular mark left by a wet wine glass on an outdoor table. That’s worth saving if one uses your approach.”
“But don’t tell me all is well with Turgenev? Remember those inept tête-à-têtes in acacia arbors? The growling and quivering of Bazarov? His highly unconvincing fussing with those frogs? And in general, I don’t know if you can stand the particular intonation of the Turgenevian row of dots at the close of a ‘fading phrase’ and the maudlin endings of his chapters. Or should we forgive all his sins because of the gray sheen of Mme. Odintsev’s black silks and the outstretched hind legs of some of his graceful sentences, those rabbitlike postures assumed by his resting hounds?”
“My father used to find all kinds of howlers in Turgenev’s and Tolstoy’s hunting scenes and descriptions of nature, and as for the wretched Aksakov, let’s not even discuss his disgraceful blunders in that field.”
“Now that the dead bodies have been removed we might, perhaps, proceed to the poets? All right. By the way, speaking of dead bodies, has it ever occurred to you that in Lermontov’s most famous short poem the ‘familiar corpse’ at the end is extremely funny? What he really wanted to say was ‘corpse of the man she once knew.’ The posthumous acquaintance is unjustified and meaningless.”
“Of late it’s Tyutchev who shares my night lodgings most often.”
“A worthy house guest. And how do you feel about Nekrasov’s iambics—or don’t you have a taste for him?”
“Oh, I do. There is, in his best verse, a certain guitar twang, a sob and a gasp, which for instance Fet, a more refined artist, somehow lacks.”
“I have a feeling that Fet’s secret weakness is his rationality and stress on antitheses—This hasn’t escaped you, has it?”
“Our oafish school-of-social-intent writers criticized him for the wrong reasons. No, I can forgive him everything for ‘rang out in the darkening meadow,’ for ‘dew-tears of rapture shed the night,’ for the wing-fanning, ‘breathing’ butterfly.”
“And so we move on to the next century: mind the step. You and I began to rave about poetry in our boyhood, didn’t we? Refresh my memory—how did it go?—‘how the rims of the clouds palpitate’… Poor old Balmont!”
“Or, illuminated from Blok’s side, ‘Clouds of chimerical solace.’ Oh, but it would have been a crime to be choosy here. My mind in those days accepted ecstatically, gratefully, completely, without critical carpings, all of the five poets whose names began with ‘B’—the five senses of the new Russian poetry.”
“I’d be interested to know which of the five represents taste. Yes, yes, I know—there are aphorisms that, like airplanes, stay up only while they are in motion. But we were talking about the dawn. How did it begin with you?”
“When my eyes opened to the alphabet. Sorry, that sounds pretentious, but the fact is, since childhood I have been afflicted with the most intense and elaborate audition colorée.”
“So that you too, like Rimbaud, could have—”
“Written not a mere sonnet but a fat opus, with auditive hues he never dreamt of. For instance, the various numerous ‘a’s of the four languages which I speak differ for me in tinge, going from lacquered-black to splintery-gray—like different sorts of wood. I recommend to you my pink flannel ‘ m .’ I don’t know if you remember the insulating cotton wool which was removed with the storm windows in spring? Well, that is my Russian ‘y,’ or rather ‘ugh,’ so grubby and dull that words are ashamed to begin with it. If I had some paints handy I would mix burnt-sienna and sepia for you so as to match the color of a gutta-percha ‘ch’ sound; and you would appreciate my radiant ‘s’ if I could pour into your cupped hands some of those luminous sapphires that I touched as a child, trembling and not understanding when my mother, dressed for a ball, uncontrollably sobbing, allowed her perfectly celestial treasures to flow out of their abyss into her palm, out of their cases onto black velvet, and then suddenly locked everything up and did not go anywhere after all, in spite of the impassioned persuasions of her brother, who kept pacing up and down the rooms giving fillips to the furniture and shrugging his epaulets, and if one turned the curtain slightly on the side window of the oriel, one could see, along the receding riverfront, façades in the blue-blackness of the night, the motionless magic of an imperial illumination, the ominous blaze of diamond monograms, colored bulbs in coronal designs …”
“Buchstaben von Feuer , in short… Yes, I know what is coming. Shall I finish this banal and soul-rending tale for you? How you delighted in any poem that happened along. How at ten you were writing dramas, and at fifteen elegies—and all about sunsets, sunsets… Blok’s ‘Incognita’ who ‘passed slowly in between the drunkards.’ By the way, who was she?”
“A young married woman. It lasted a little less than two years, until my escape from Russia. She was lovely and sweet—you know, with large eyes and slightly bony hands—and somehow I have remained faithful to her even to this day. Her taste in poetry was limited to fashionable gypsy lyrics, she adored poker and she died of typhus—God knows where, God knows how.”
“And what comes now? Would you say it’s worth going on writing verse?”
“Oh, decidedly! To the very end. Even at this moment I am happy, in spite of the degrading pain in my pinched toes. To tell the truth, I again feel that turbulence, that excitement…. Once again I shall spend the whole night …”
“Show me. Let’s see how it works: It is with this , that from the slow black ferry… No, try again: Through snow that falls on water never freezing… Keep trying: Under the vertical slow snow in gray-enjambment-Lethean weather, in the usual season, with this I’ll step upon the shore some day. That’s better but be careful not to squander the excitement.”
“Oh that’s all right. My point is that one cannot help being happy with this tingling sensation in the skin of your brow….”
“…as from an excess of vinegar in chopped beet. Do you know what has just occurred to me? That river is not the Lethe but rather the Styx. Never mind. Let’s proceed: And now a crooked bough looms near the ferry, and Charon with his boathook, in the dark, reaches for it, and catches it, and very …”
“…slowly the bark revolves, the silent bark. Homeward, homeward! I feel tonight like composing with pen in hand. What a moon! What a black smell of leaves and earth from behind those railings.”
“And what a pity no one has overheard the brilliant colloquy that I would have liked so much to hold with you.”
Never mind, it won’t be wasted. In fact, I’m glad it turned out this way. Whose business is it that actually we parted at the very, first corner, and that I have been reciting a fictitious dialogue with myself as supplied by a self-teaching handbook of literary inspiration? (Chapter One)
The main character in Ivan Goncharov's novel Obryv ("Precipice," 1869), Rayski brings to mind the author of the Foreword to Humbert's manuscript. According to John Ray, Jr., Mrs. “Richard F. Schiller” (Lolita's married name) outlived Humbert by forty days and died in childbed, giving birth to a stillborn girl, on Christmas Day 1952, in Gray Star, a settlement in the remotest Northwest. But it seems that, actually, Lolita dies of ague on July 4, 1949, in the Elphinstone hospital. Everything what happens after her sudden death (Lolita's escape from the hospital, Humbert's affair with Rita, Lolita's marriage and pregnancy, and the murder of Clare Quilty) was invented by Humbert Humbert (whose "real" name is John Ray, Jr.). On the Force of Imagination is an essay by Montaigne. Part IX of Montaigne's essay Apology for Raymond Sebond is entitled "That the Senses Are Inadequate." John Ray, Jr.'s modest work, "Do the Senses Make Sense?", makes one think of "the five senses of the new Russian poetry" (Balmont, Bely, Blok, Bryusov, and Bunin). A young married woman, Fyodor's mistress died of typhus. At the beginning of 1924 Annabel Leigh (Humbert's childhood love) died of typhus in Corfu:
Among some treasures I lost during the wanderings of my adult years, there was a snapshot taken by my aunt which showed Annabel, her parents and the staid, elderly, lame gentleman, a Dr. Cooper, who that same summer courted my aunt, grouped around a table in a sidewalk café. Annabel did not come out well, caught as she was in the act of bending over her chocolat glacé, and her thin bare shoulders and the parting in her hair were about all that could be identified (as I remember that picture) amid the sunny blur into which her lost loveliness graded; but I, sitting somewhat apart from the rest, came out with a kind of dramatic conspicuousness: a moody, beetle-browed boy in a dark sport shirt and well-tailored white shorts, his legs crossed, sitting in profile, looking away. That photograph was taken on the last day of our fatal summer and just a few minutes before we made our second and final attempt to thwart fate. Under the flimsiest of pretexts (this was our very last chance, and nothing really mattered) we escaped from the café to the beach, and found a desolate stretch of sand, and there, in the violet shadow of some red rocks forming a kind of cave, had a brief session of avid caresses, with somebody’s lost pair of sunglasses for only witness. I was on my knees, and on the point of possessing my darling, when two bearded bathers, the old man of the sea and his brother, came out of the sea with exclamations of ribald encouragement, and four months later she died of typhus in Corfu. (1.5)