According to Van Veen (the narrator and main character in VN’s novel Ada, 1969), his tutor Andrey Andreevich Aksakov (AAA) blew his fat red nose, when shown the peasant-bare footprint of Tolstoy preserved in the clay of a motor court in Utah:
The year 1880 (Aqua was still alive — somehow, somewhere!) was to prove to be the most retentive and talented one in his long, too long, never too long life. He was ten. His father had lingered in the West where the many-colored mountains acted upon Van as they had on all young Russians of genius. He could solve an Euler-type problem or learn by heart Pushkin’s ‘Headless Horseman’ poem in less than twenty minutes. With white-bloused, enthusiastically sweating Andrey Andreevich, he lolled for hours in the violet shade of pink cliffs, studying major and minor Russian writers — and puzzling out the exaggerated but, on the whole, complimentary allusions to his father’s volitations and loves in another life in Lermontov’s diamond-faceted tetrameters. He struggled to keep back his tears, while AAA blew his fat red nose, when shown the peasant-bare footprint of Tolstoy preserved in the clay of a motor court in Utah where he had written the tale of Murat, the Navajo chieftain, a French general’s bastard, shot by Cora Day in his swimming pool. What a soprano Cora had been! Demon took Van to the world-famous Opera House in Telluride in West Colorado and there he enjoyed (and sometimes detested) the greatest international shows — English blank-verse plays, French tragedies in rhymed couplets, thunderous German musical dramas with giants and magicians and a defecating white horse. He passed through various little passions — parlor magic, chess, fluff-weight boxing matches at fairs, stunt-riding — and of course those unforgettable, much too early initiations when his lovely young English governess expertly petted him between milkshake and bed, she, petticoated, petititted, half-dressed for some party with her sister and Demon and Demon’s casino-touring companion, bodyguard and guardian angel, monitor and adviser, Mr Plunkett, a reformed card-sharper. (1.28)
Darkbloom (‘Notes to Ada’): The Headless Horseman: Mayn Reid’s title is ascribed here to Pushkin, author of The Bronze Horseman.
Lermontov: author of The Demon.
Tolstoy etc.: Tolstoy’s hero, Haji Murad (a Caucasian chieftain), is blended here with General Murat, Napoleon’s brother-in-law, and with the French revolutionary leader Marat assassinated in his bath by Charlotte Corday.
1880 was the hardest year in the life of Ivan Ilyich Golovin, the main character in Tolstoy’s story Smert’ Ivana Ilyicha (“The Death of Ivan Ilyich,” 1886). In his diary, the entry of March 17, 1865, Leo Tolstoy says that he attended the funeral of his brother’s son and yesterday (March 16, 1865, OS) saw a dog’s footprint in a man’s footprint in the snow:
Был в Туле. На похоронах у Серёжи. Даже для печали человек должен иметь проложенные рельсы, по которым идти,— вой, панихида и т.д. Вчера увидел в снегу на непродавленном следе человека продавленный след собаки. Зачем у ней точка опоры мала? Чтоб она съела зайцев не всех, а ровно сколько нужно. Это премудрость бога; но это не премудрость, не ум. Это инстинкт божества. Этот инстинкт есть в нас. А ум наш есть способность отклоняться от инстинкта и соображать эти отклонения. С страшной ясностью, силой и наслаждением пришли мне эти мысли. Нынче был у Пашковых. Дети больны, и Соня тоже. Дня четыре не писал. Нынче писал. Раз рассердился на немца и долго не мог простить. Читаю Mémoire Ragus’a. Очень мне полезно.
According to Tolstoy (who was working on War and Peace), he was reading Mémoires du maréchal Marmont, duc de Ragusé (Paris, 1856-57). Ada’s lesbian schoolmate at Brownhill, Vanda Broom was shot dead by the girlfriend of a girlfriend on a starry night, in Ragusa of all places:
Would she like to stay in this apartment till Spring Term (he thought in terms of Terms now) and then accompany him to Kingston, or would she prefer to go abroad for a couple of months — anywhere, Patagonia, Angola, Gululu in the New Zealand mountains? Stay in this apartment? So, she liked it? Except some of Cordula’s stuff which should be ejected — as, for example, that conspicuous Brown Hill Alma Mater of Almehs left open on poor Vanda’s portrait. She had been shot dead by the girlfriend of a girlfriend on a starry night, in Ragusa of all places. It was, Van said, sad. Little Lucette no doubt had told him about a later escapade? Punning in an Ophelian frenzy on the feminine glans? Raving about the delectations of clitorism? ‘N’exagérons pas, tu sais,’ said Ada, patting the air down with both palms. ‘Lucette affirmed,’ he said, ‘that she (Ada) imitated mountain lions.’
He was omniscient. Better say, omni-incest.
‘That’s right,’ said the other total-recaller.
And, by the way, Grace — yes, Grace — was Vanda’s real favorite, pas petite moi and my little crest. She (Ada) had, hadn’t she, a way of always smoothing out the folds of the past — making the flutist practically impotent (except with his wife) and allowing the gentleman farmer only one embrace, with a premature eyakulyatsiya, one of those hideous Russian loanwords? Yes, wasn’t it hideous, but she’d love to play Scrabble again when they’d settled down for good. But where, how? Wouldn’t Mr and Mrs Ivan Veen do quite nicely anywhere? What about the ‘single’ in each passport? They’d go to the nearest Consulate and with roars of indignation and/or a fabulous bribe have it corrected to married, for ever and ever. (2.6)
Grace Erminin (Vanda’s real favorite) marries a Wellington. Erminia was the nickname of Pushkin’s friend Eliza Khitrovo (Kutuzov’s daughter). In his diary (the entry of March 19, 1865) Tolstoy says that he is fascinated with the history of Napoleon and Alexander I:
19 марта. Я зачитался историей Наполеона и Александра. Сейчас меня облаком радости и сознания возможности сделать великую вещь охватила мысль написать психологическую историю романа Александра и Наполеона. Вся подлость, вся фраза, все безумие, все противоречие людей, их окружавших, и их самих. Наполеон, как человек, путается и готов отречься 18 брюмера перед собранием. De nos jours les peuples sont trop éclairés pour produire quelque chose de grand. Александр Македонский называл себя сыном Юпитера, ему верили. Вся египетская экспедиция — французское тщеславное злодейство. Ложь всех bulletins сознательная. Пресбургский мир escamoté. На Аркольском мосту упал в лужу, вместо знамя. Плохой ездок. В итальянской войне увозит картины, статуи. Любит ездить по полю битвы. Трупы и раненые — радость. Брак с Жозефиной — успех в свете. Три раза поправлял реляцию сраженья Риволи — все лгал. Еще человек первое время и сильный своей односторонностью — потом нерешителен — чтоб было! а как? Вы простые люди, а я вижу в небесах мою звезду. Он не интересен, а толпы, окружающие его и на которые он действует. Сначала односторонность и beau jeu в сравнении с Маратами и Барасами, потом ощупью — самонадеянность и счастье, и потом сумасшествие — faire entrer dans son lit la fille des César. Полное сумасшествие, расслабление и ничтожество на св. Элене. Ложь и величие потому только, что велик объем, а мало стало поприще, и стало ничтожество. И позорная смерть!
Александр, умный, милый, чувствительный, ищущий с высоты величия объема, ищущий высоты человеческой. Отрекающийся от престола и дающий одобрение, не мешающий убийству Павла (не может быть). Планы возрождения Европы. Аустерлиц, слезы, раненые. Нарышкина изменяет. Сперанский, освобождение крестьян. Тильзит — одурманение величием. Эрфурт. Промежуток до 12 года не знаю. Величие человека, колебания. Победа, торжество, величие, grandeur, пугающие его самого, и отыскивания величия человека — души. Путаница во внешнем, а в душе ясность. А солдатская косточка — маневры, строгости. Путаница наружная, прояснение в душе. Смерть. Ежели убийство, то лучше всего.
Надо написать свой роман и работать для этого.
Napoleon's brak s Zhozefinoy (marriage with Josephine) brings to mind Queen Josephine mentioned by Marina (Van's, Ada's and Lucette's mother) during Van's first tea party at Ardis:
They now had tea in a prettily furnished corner of the otherwise very austere central hall from which rose the grand staircase. They sat on chairs upholstered in silk around a pretty table. Ada’s black jacket and a pink-yellow-blue nosegay she had composed of anemones, celandines and columbines lay on a stool of oak. The dog got more bits of cake than it did ordinarily. Price, the mournful old footman who brought the cream for the strawberries, resembled Van’s teacher of history, ‘Jeejee’ Jones.
‘He resembles my teacher of history,’ said Van when the man had gone.
‘I used to love history,’ said Marina, ‘I loved to identify myself with famous women. There’s a ladybird on your plate, Ivan. Especially with famous beauties — Lincoln’s second wife or Queen Josephine.’
‘Yes, I’ve noticed — it’s beautifully done. We’ve got a similar set at home.’
‘Slivok (some cream)? I hope you speak Russian?’ Marina asked Van, as she poured him a cup of tea.
‘Neohotno no sovershenno svobodno (reluctantly but quite fluently),’ replied Van, slegka ulïbnuvshis’ (with a slight smile). ‘Yes, lots of cream and three lumps of sugar.’
‘Ada and I share your extravagant tastes. Dostoevski liked it with raspberry syrup.’
‘Pah,’ uttered Ada. (1.5)
Darkbloom (‘Notes to Ada’): with a slight smile: a pet formula of Tolstoy’s denoting cool superiority, if not smugness, in a character’s manner of speech.